Sobekemsaf (sbk-m-z3=f)[2] was an ancient Egyptian queen of the 17th Dynasty. She was the wife of pharaoh Nubkheperre Intef and sister of an unidentified pharaoh, probably Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef, Sobekemsaf II or Senakhtenre Ahmose.[3][4]
| Sobekemsaf | |
|---|---|
| Great Royal Wife Khenemetneferhedjet | |
![Stela depicting queen Sobekemsaf (center) along with other relatives.[1]](/wiki/File:Stele_JE_16.2.22.23_Engelbach.jpg) Stela depicting queen Sobekemsaf (center) along with other relatives.[1] | |
| Spouse | Nubkheperre Intef |
| Dynasty | 17th of Egypt |
| Father | possibly Rahotep |
| Mother | unnamed queen |
| ||||
| Sobekemsaf in hieroglyphs | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Era: 2nd Intermediate Period (1650–1550 BC) | ||||
Her name ("Sobek protects him"[5]) is grammatically masculine. Although a female version of the name (sbk-m-z3=s)[5] did exist, the queen is named Sobekemsaf in all sources, so it was not an error on the scribe's part, but she was probably named for an ancestor.[6] Masculine names for females were not uncommon during the Second Intermediate Period.[7]
Attestations
editShe is mentioned on a bracelet and a pendant, now both in the British Museum.[2]
In her family's hometown Edfu she is known from stelae. The first is Cairo CG 34009.[8] The stela, belonging to an official called Yuf dated to the 18th Dynasty, mentions reconstruction of her tomb.[9] Another stela, also from Edfu (Cairo JE 16.2.22.23), depicts queen Sobekemsaf along with other relatives;[1][10] the stela names the queen's sister Neferuni and their mother, whose name is lost.
Sobekemsaf's titles were: King's Wife (ḥm.t-nswt), Great Royal Wife (ḥmt-nỉswt wr.t), United with the White Crown (ẖnm.t-nfr-ḥḏ.t), King's Daughter (z3.t-nỉswt), and King's Sister (zn.t-nswt).[2]
Sources
edit- ^ a b c Engelbach, Reginald (1922). "Steles and tables of offerings of the Late Middle Kingdom from Tell Edfû". Annales du Service des antiquités de l'Égypte. 22. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale du Caire: 180 plate 1, no. 6.
- ^ a b c Grajetzki, Wolfram. Ancient Egyptian Queens: A Hieroglyphic Dictionary. London: Golden House Publications. ISBN 0-9547218-9-6 (2005), p. 44
- ^ Dodson, Aidan & Hilton, Dyan. The Complete Royal Families of Ancient Egypt. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 0-500-05128-3 (2004), p.117
- ^ Dodson & Hilton, p. 118
- ^ a b Grajetzki, p. 304
- ^ Polz, Daniel: Der Beginn des Neuen Reiches. Berlin & New York, Walter de Gruyter GmbH, 2007. ISBN 978-3-11-019347-3 p. 39
- ^ Ranke, Hermann: Die ägyptische Persönennamen, Band II, p. 4
- ^ Engelbach, Reginald (1922). "Steles and tables of offerings of the Late Middle Kingdom from Tell Edfû". Annales du Service des antiquités de l'Égypte. 22. Cairo: Institut français d'archéologie orientale du Caire: 116.
- ^ Breasted, James Henry (1906). Ancient Records of Egypt. Vol. II. Chicago. pp. 44-46 §§ nos. 109−114.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Polz, Daniel: "The Territorial Claim and the Political Role of the Theban State", in: Forstner-Müller & Moeller (eds.), The Hyksos Ruler Khyan and the Early Second Intermediate Period in Egypt: Problems and Priorities of Current Research. Proceedings of the Workshop of the Austrian Archaeological Institute and the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Vienna, July 4 – 5, 2014, p. 229