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Scott County, Missouri

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Scott County is a county located in the southeastern portion of the U.S. state of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 38,059.[1] Its county seat is Benton.[2] The county was organized in 1821 and named for U.S. Representative John Scott, the first federal representative from Missouri. Scott County comprises the Sikeston, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Cape Girardeau-Sikeston, MO-IL Combined Statistical Area. The county is home to Scott County Central High School, which has won 18 state championships in boys basketball—the most of any high school in the state.

Scott County
County
Scott County courthouse in Benton
Scott County courthouse in Benton
Map of Missouri highlighting Scott County
Location within the U.S. state of Missouri
Map of the United States highlighting Missouri
Missouri's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 37°03′N 89°34′W / 37.05°N 89.57°W / 37.05; -89.57
Country United States
State Missouri
FoundedDecember 28, 1821
Named forJohn Scott
SeatBenton
Largest citySikeston
Area
 • Total426 sq mi (1,100 km2)
 • Land420 sq mi (1,100 km2)
 • Water5.9 sq mi (15 km2)  1.4%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total38,059
 • Density89/sq mi (34/km2)
Time zoneUTC−6 (Central)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−5 (CDT)
Congressional district8th
Websitewww.scottcountymo.com

History

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This area along the Mississippi River was long occupied by indigenous peoples. In historic times, the large and powerful Osage people dominated a large territory including this area and up and west from the later St. Louis, Missouri. Cape La Croix, a rock island in the Mississippi River, has a cross erected by Jesuit missionary Father De Montigny, who traveled with early French explorers in 1699. Some French colonists established trading relationships with the Osage; the traders were based in St. Louis, founded in the late 18th century.

Spain had taken control in 1763 after French lost to Britain in the Seven Years' War. They laid out the King's Highway (El Camino Real) in 1789, a north–south route crossing the county and extending through St. Louis, Missouri. In the late 1790s, Southerners were the first United States settlers on Spanish land grants in this area. France briefly took back the territory, then sold it to the United States in 1803 as part of the Louisiana Purchase.

Delaware (Lenape) and Shawnee people migrated into the area in the 1820s from territories east of the Mississippi, pushed by European-American encroachment on their lands.

The second county formed in Missouri's Southeast Lowland Region, Scott County was created by the Missouri state legislature on December 28, 1821. The county was named in honor of John Scott (1785–1861), the first congressman from Missouri.[3]

One of the earliest settlements was Commerce, Missouri, long known as Tywapitty, derived from an Osage language term. It was an early French fur trading post. Under Spanish rule before 1800, Rezin Bowie was syndic of Tywappity Settlement. (He was the brother of Kentucky frontiersman Jim Bowie.) This was established as a river landing by 1803, and residents formed the first Baptist Church in Missouri there in 1805. Sergeant John Ordway of the Lewis and Clark expedition used the proceeds from his land grant bounty to purchase land in Tywapitty where he farmed cotton and had apple and peach orchards until devastated by the 1811-182 New Madrid earthquakes. The city was platted in 1823 and it served as the Scott county seat from 1864 to 1878.

The current county seat of Benton was laid out in 1822; it is named after Thomas Hart Benton, one of Missouri's first U.S. Senators.

New Hamburg, the third town founded in the county, was settled by a wave of German immigrants in the late 1840s, who came to this country after the German revolutions of 1848. The first log church was St. Lawrence Catholic Church. Sikeston, the largest city in the county and the fourth settlement to be founded, was settled in 1800 and was laid out in 1860 by John Sikes on the Cairo & Fulton Railroad.

The county was devastated by guerrilla raids during the U.S. Civil War. Afterward, it developed rapidly from the 1870s to the early 1900s; its dense forests were lumbered off and numerous railroads were constructed. Towns founded during this period included Diehlstadt, Morley, Oran, Perkins, Blodgett, Crowder, Vanduser, Illmo, Fornfelt (Scott City), Chaffee, Ancell, and Kelso. The Thebes-Mississippi River Railroad Bridge at Illmo was built in 1905.

Located near Morley is the gravesite of Nathaniel W. Watkins, a state legislator and a general in the Missouri State Guards. He was a half-brother of statesman Henry Clay. Wilson Brown, the ninth lieutenant governor of Missouri, lived in the county for a time. Noted early legislators such as Joseph Hunter II and Abraham Hunter also lived here.

Cotton, soybeans, melon and grains were all common crops in rural Scott County. Between the Mississippi River and Little River District drainage ditches lies one of the oldest drainage systems in the United States, Crowley's Ridge, established in 1905, is a remnant of an old coastal floodplain and natural levee that crosses the country.

On January 25, 1942, an African American man named Cleo Wright was lynched in Sikeston. A Scott County all-white grand jury did not return any indictments for the crime after three hours of deliberation.[4]

On January 28, 2004, the Scott County Courthouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Geography

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According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 426 square miles (1,100 km2), of which 420 square miles (1,100 km2) is land and 5.9 square miles (15 km2) (1.4%) is water.[5] The county's eastern border with Illinois is formed by the Mississippi River.

Adjacent counties

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Major highways

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Demographics

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Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18302,136—
18405,974179.7%
18503,182−46.7%
18605,24764.9%
18707,31739.5%
18808,58717.4%
189011,22830.8%
190013,09216.6%
191022,37270.9%
192023,4094.6%
193024,9136.4%
194030,37721.9%
195032,8428.1%
196032,748−0.3%
197033,2501.5%
198039,64719.2%
199039,376−0.7%
200040,4222.7%
201039,191−3.0%
202038,059−2.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[6]
1790-1960[7] 1900-1990[8]
1990-2000[9] 2010-2015[10]

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 40,422 people, 15,626 households, and 11,219 families residing in the county. The population density was 37 people per square mile (14 people/km2). There were 16,951 housing units at an average density of 16/km2 (41/sq mi). The racial makeup of the county was 87.68% White, 10.50% Black or African American, 0.28% Native American, 0.23% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.40% from other races, and 0.90% from two or more races. Approximately 1.11% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 15,626 households, out of which 35.40% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 54.60% were married couples living together, 13.40% had a female householder with no husband present, and 28.20% were non-families. 25.00% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.80% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.55 and the average family size was 3.03.

In the county, the population was spread out, with 27.40% under the age of 18, 8.50% from 18 to 24, 27.50% from 25 to 44, 22.90% from 45 to 64, and 13.70% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 36 years. For every 100 females there were 91.60 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.40 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $39,735, and the median income for a family was $48,847. Males had a median income of $30,169 versus $19,269 for females. The per capita income for the county was $19,363. About 12.30% of families and 16.10% of the population were below the poverty line, including 23.50% of those under age 18 and 13.60% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

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According to the Association of Religion Data Archives County Membership Report (2000), Scott County is a part of the Bible Belt with evangelical Protestantism being the majority religion. The most predominant denominations among residents in Scott County who adhere to a religion are Southern Baptists (40.54%), Roman Catholics (27.12%), and Methodists (9.28%).

2020 Census

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Scott County Racial Composition[13]
Race Num. Perc.
White (NH) 30,595 80.4%
Black or African American (NH) 4,476 11.8%
Native American (NH) 84 0.22%
Asian (NH) 149 0.4%
Pacific Islander (NH) 2 0.05%
Other/Mixed (NH) 1,818 4.77%
Hispanic or Latino 935 2.45%

Education

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Of adults 25 years of age and older in Scott County, 72.9% possesses a high school diploma or higher while 10.6% holds a bachelor's degree or higher as their highest educational attainment.

Public schools

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Private schools

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Colleges and universities

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Public libraries

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  • Chaffee Public Library[14]
  • Sikeston Public Library[15]

Communities

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Cities

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Villages

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Unincorporated communities

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Former community

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Politics

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Local

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The Democratic Party has historically controlled politics at the local level in Scott County. In recent years, however, Republicans have made inroads, gaining control of several county offices in 2018 and 2020. Republicans now hold most elected positions in the county, while Democrats only control the offices of County Clerk, Collector, Commissioner (district 2), Coroner, Recorder, and Surveyor.[16]

Scott County, Missouri
Elected countywide officials
Assessor Carla Essner Republican
Circuit Clerk Stacey Naile Republican
County Clerk Allen Seabaugh Republican
Collector Mark Hensley Democratic
Commissioner
(Presiding)		 Danny Tetley Republican
Commissioner
(District 1)		 Terry Cole Republican
Commissioner
(District 2)		 Donnie Kiefer Democratic
Coroner Scott Branum Republican
Prosecuting Attorney Don Cobb Republican
Public Administrator Julia Crader Dolan Republican
Recorder Tara Mason Democratic
Sheriff Wes Drury Republican
Surveyor Brian Strickland Democratic
Treasurer Joe Bill Davis Republican

State

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Scott County is divided into three legislative districts in the Missouri House of Representatives and one district in the Missouri Senate.

  • District 148 - Currently represented by Jamie Burger (R-Benton)
Missouri House of Representatives - District 148 - Scott County (2020)[17]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jamie Burger 11,343 97.80 0
Missouri House of Representatives - District 149 - Scott County (2020)[18]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Don Rone 1,342 92.11 0
Missouri House of Representatives - District 151 - Scott County (2020)[19]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Herman Morse 2,628 98.91 0
Past Gubernatorial Elections Results
Year Republican Democratic Third Parties
2020 76.74% 13,535 21.51% 3,794 1.75% 308
2016 65.92% 11,323 31.51% 5,412 2.48% 442
2012 49.99% 8,421 48.04% 8,092 1.98% 333
2008 53.12% 9,494 45.55% 8,142 1.33% 238
2004 58.69% 10,198 40.31% 7,004 1.00% 174
2000 52.12% 8,159 46.59% 7,293 1.29% 202
1996 38.71% 5,878 59.76% 9,074 1.53% 233
1992 47.32% 7,564 52.68% 8,422 0.00% 0
1988 56.49% 7,845 43.45% 6,035 0.06% 8
1984 59.90% 8,446 40.10% 5,654 0.00% 0
1980 49.80% 7,619 50.13% 7,669 0.07% 11
1976 41.63% 5,558 58.37% 7,793 0.01% 1

Federal

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Scott County is included in Missouri's 8th Congressional District and is currently represented by Jason T. Smith (R-Salem) in the U.S. House of Representatives.

7614
U.S. House of Representatives – District 8 – General Election – Scott County (2020)[20]
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith* 13,547 77.62
Democratic Kathy Ellis 3,671 21.03
Libertarian Tom Schmitz 227 1.30
7614
U.S. House of Representatives – District 8 – General Election – Scott County (2014)
Party Candidate Votes % ±%
Republican Jason T. Smith* 5,305 69.67
Democratic Barbara Stocker 1,755 23.05
Libertarian Rick Vandeven 294 3.86
Independent Terry Hampton 145 1.90
Constitution Doug Enyart 115 1.51

Political culture

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United States presidential election results for Scott County, Missouri[21]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 13,769 77.58% 3,753 21.15% 226 1.27%
2016 13,168 75.95% 3,575 20.62% 594 3.43%
2012 11,623 68.37% 5,122 30.13% 254 1.49%
2008 11,563 63.95% 6,258 34.61% 261 1.44%
2004 11,330 64.94% 6,057 34.71% 61 0.35%
2000 8,999 57.30% 6,452 41.09% 253 1.61%
1996 6,641 43.54% 7,011 45.97% 1,600 10.49%
1992 6,265 37.95% 7,452 45.14% 2,790 16.90%
1988 8,013 57.45% 5,914 42.40% 21 0.15%
1984 8,727 61.05% 5,569 38.95% 0 0.00%
1980 8,227 53.65% 6,854 44.69% 255 1.66%
1976 5,473 40.31% 8,075 59.48% 28 0.21%
1972 7,316 66.74% 3,646 33.26% 0 0.00%
1968 3,856 36.23% 4,313 40.52% 2,474 23.25%
1964 3,212 29.95% 7,512 70.05% 0 0.00%
1960 5,807 47.77% 6,349 52.23% 0 0.00%
1956 4,654 41.05% 6,683 58.95% 0 0.00%
1952 4,661 39.45% 7,127 60.33% 26 0.22%
1948 2,519 23.32% 8,266 76.52% 18 0.17%
1944 3,995 35.77% 7,132 63.86% 41 0.37%
1940 4,401 35.66% 7,899 64.00% 42 0.34%
1936 3,126 28.57% 7,763 70.95% 52 0.48%
1932 2,310 24.75% 6,948 74.45% 75 0.80%
1928 3,779 42.25% 5,159 57.68% 6 0.07%
1924 3,335 40.54% 3,633 44.16% 1,258 15.29%
1920 4,204 49.00% 4,157 48.46% 218 2.54%
1916 2,285 42.78% 2,816 52.72% 240 4.49%
1912 1,235 29.50% 1,945 46.45% 1,007 24.05%
1908 1,473 36.79% 1,853 46.28% 678 16.93%
1904 1,124 41.96% 1,470 54.87% 85 3.17%
1900 821 32.07% 1,706 66.64% 33 1.29%
1896 751 28.21% 1,906 71.60% 5 0.19%
1892 671 28.66% 1,612 68.86% 58 2.48%
1888 629 31.28% 1,382 68.72% 0 0.00%

At the presidential level, Scott County was historically a Democratic stronghold, voting Democratic in every election from 1872 through 1976 save Warren Harding's 1920 landslide and Richard Nixon's 1972 landslide.[22] A shift began to become evident in the 1980s, as Scott County voted Republican thrice in a row for the first time, one of those times even being against Southerner Jimmy Carter; however, all three elections were nationally decisive Republican wins, and Bill Clinton was able to recapture the county, albeit not by large margins, in both of his wins. Since then, however, Scott County has transitioned to being a reliable Republican stronghold; as of 2020, it has voted Republican six times in a row, and the Republican vote share has not gone below 60% since 2000. Donald Trump exceeded three-quarters of the vote in both of his runs.

Like most rural areas throughout Southeast Missouri, voters in Scott County generally adhere to socially and culturally conservative principles. In 2004, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to define marriage as the union between a man and a woman—it overwhelmingly passed Scott County with 85.32 percent of the vote. The initiative passed the state with 71 percent of support from voters as Missouri became the first state to ban same-sex marriage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a constitutional amendment to fund and legalize embryonic stem cell research in the state—it failed in Scott County with 64.85 percent voting against the measure. The initiative narrowly passed the state with 51 percent of support from voters as Missouri became one of the first states in the nation to approve embryonic stem cell research. Despite Scott County's longstanding tradition of supporting socially conservative platforms, voters in the county have a penchant for advancing populist causes like increasing the minimum wage. In 2006, Missourians voted on a proposition (Proposition B) to increase the minimum wage in the state to $6.50 an hour—it passed Scott County with 67.99 percent of the vote. The proposition strongly passed every single county in Missouri with 75.94 percent voting in favor as the minimum wage was increased to $6.50 an hour in the state. During the same election, voters in five other states also strongly approved increases in the minimum wage.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Explore Census Data".
  2. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  3. ^ Eaton, David Wolfe (1918). How Missouri Counties, Towns and Streams Were Named. The State Historical Society of Missouri. p. 363.
  4. ^ Capeci Jr., Dominic J. (1998). The Lynching of Cleo Wright. University Press of Kentucky. pp. 53–54.
  5. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Archived from the original on October 21, 2013. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  6. ^ "U.S. Decennial Census". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  7. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  8. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  9. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  10. ^ "State & County QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on June 7, 2011. Retrieved September 14, 2013.
  11. ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved November 13, 2019.
  12. ^ "U.S. Census website". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved January 31, 2008.
  13. ^ "P2 HISPANIC OR LATINO, AND NOT HISPANIC OR LATINO BY RACE – 2020: DEC Redistricting Data (PL 94-171) – Scott County, Missouri".
  14. ^ Breeding, Marshall. "Chaffee Public Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  15. ^ Breeding, Marshall. "Sikeston Public Library". Libraries.org. Retrieved May 8, 2017.
  16. ^ "Scott County, MO". Retrieved September 6, 2019.
  17. ^ https://www.scottcountymo.com/cmsAdmin/uploads/november32020official.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  18. ^ https://www.scottcountymo.com/cmsAdmin/uploads/november32020official.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  19. ^ https://www.scottcountymo.com/cmsAdmin/uploads/november32020official.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  20. ^ https://www.scottcountymo.com/cmsAdmin/uploads/november32020official.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  21. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
  22. ^ "County winners, 1836-2016". Google Docs. Retrieved January 16, 2021.
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37°03′N 89°34′W / 37.05°N 89.57°W / 37.05; -89.57

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