Sherwood Alfred Cheney (August 24, 1873 – March 13, 1949)[1] was an American military engineer who served as a brigadier general in the US Army Corps of Engineers during World War I and as an aide to President Calvin Coolidge.
Sherwood Alfred Cheney | |
|---|---|
_with_Sherrill,_whom_he_will_succeed_as_Senior_Military_(...)_house_LCCN2016894193_(cropped).jpg) Cheney in 1925 | |
| Born | August 24, 1873 Manchester, Connecticut, US |
| Died | March 13, 1949 (aged 75) Manchester, Connecticut |
| Service/ |  United States Army |
| Years of service | 1897–1937 |
| Rank |  Brigadier General |
| Unit | U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| Commands held | 9th Coast Artillery District U.S. Army Engineer School 110th Engineer Regiment |
| Battles/wars | Spanish–American War Philippine–American War World War I |
| Awards | Army Distinguished Service Medal, Croix de Guerre, Legion of Honour |
| Alma mater | US Military Academy |
| Relations | John Sherwood Cheney (father) |
Early life and education edit
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Born to industrialist John Sherwood Cheney and Ellen (Coates) Cheney on August 24, 1873, Sherwood Cheney was a member of the Cheney silk manufacturing dynasty of Manchester, Connecticut, where he was born and raised.[1] He graduated from Hartford Public High School in 1892 and studied for one year at the Sheffield Scientific School before transferring to the US Military Academy at West Point, from which he graduated fifth in the Class of 1897.[2][3][4]
Military career edit
Cheney entered the US Army Corps of Engineers as a second lieutenant and saw combat in Cuba and the Philippines during the Spanish–American War and the Philippine–American War. His cousin, Lieutenant Ward Cheney, was killed in action during the latter conflict.[3] He rose through the ranks, achieving captain in 1904, major in 1911, lieutenant colonel and temporary colonel in 1917, and temporary brigadier general in 1918.[5] He graduated from courses at the United States Army War College in 1907 and in 1921. Reverting to lieutenant colonel after World War I, Cheney was promoted to colonel in July 1920 and brigadier general in April 1933. Having reached the mandatory retirement age of sixty-four, he retired after over forty years of service on August 31, 1937.[6]
During World War I, Cheney commanded the 110th Engineer Regiment at Fort Sill (August 1917 – April 1918) and in France (May–July 1918). He subsequently served at General Headquarters as assistant to the chief engineer of the American Expeditionary Forces from July to November 1918, helping organize the Corps and coordinate its efforts with the other service branches. In 1919, he served as director of the Army Transport Service, "achieving remarkable results in a task of great magnitude involving the expeditious return of many thousands of soldiers from the ports of France to the United States," according to his citation for the US Army Distinguished Service Medal.[5] In addition to this American honor, France awarded him the Croix de Guerre and made him a Commandeur of the Legion of Honour.[7]
Following World War I, Cheney served as military attaché to China and Siam from 1921 to 1924, commanded the Army Engineer School at Fort Humphreys from 1924 to 1925, and served as a chief military aide to President Calvin Coolidge from 1925 to 1928. He then held various district engineering commands around the country until he retired, including service as chief engineer of the Port of Boston and head of the 9th Coast Artillery District in San Francisco.[1][3]
Personal life and legacy edit
In 1921, Cheney married Louise Delano (1891–1923), a daughter of Frederic Adrian Delano and cousin of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.[8] The couple had one daughter, Matilda. Following his first wife's death in China in 1923, Cheney married Charlotte S. Hopkins (1885–1978) of Bangor, Maine, in 1925.[1][3]
Returning to Manchester after retirement, Cheney built a summer home in Mystic and became an enthusiastic sailor. He was one of the founders of Mystic Seaport.[3]
Cheney died at home in Manchester at the age of 75 and is buried in the Cheney family plot of Manchester's East Cemetery.[1][2]
The Cheney Elementary School in Fairfax County, Virginia, was named in his honor.[9]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e "S. A. Cheney dies at 75 in Manchester". Hartford Courant. 1949-03-14. p. 4. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
- ^ a b Kanehl, Bob (2019-04-26). "Your Manchester: Cheney family members famous for more than spinning silk". Journal Inquirer. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
- ^ a b c d e McCoy, Frank (July 1950). "In Memory: Sherwood Alfred Cheney". Assembly. 9: 61–62 – via USMA Library Digital Collection.
- ^ "Classes of 1896, 1897—Register of Graduates". Register of Graduates and Former Cadets 1802–1969 of the United States Military Academy. The West Point Alumni Foundation Inc. 1969. p. 291. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
- ^ a b Cullum, George W. (1920). Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York Since Its Establishment in 1802: Supplement, Volume VI-A, 1910-1920. Saginaw, MI: U.S. Military Academy Association of Graduates. p. 787.
- ^ Official Army Register. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1941-01-01. p. 1002. Retrieved 2023-06-06.
- ^ "Sherwood A. Cheney - Cullum's Register - 3746". penelope.uchicago.edu. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
- ^ "Col. Cheney, Attache at Pekin, marries Miss Louise Delano". New York Herald. 1921-09-11. p. 14. Retrieved 2022-01-23.
- ^ "School History: Cheney Elementary School". Fairfax County Public Schools. Retrieved 2022-01-23.