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Majdal Shams attack

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The Majdal Shams attack, also known as the Majdal Shams massacre,[1][2][3] took place when a football pitch was hit by a rocket in the Druze town of Majdal Shams in the northern Israeli-occupied Golan Heights.[a] The resulting blast killed 12, and injured at least 42 others,[4][5] with most of the victims being between the ages of 10 and 16.[4] None of those killed were Israeli citizens.[6][7]

Majdal Shams attack
Part of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–present)
The missile impact site on the soccer field, after the casualties; both deceased and wounded were removed
Majdal Shams attack is located in the Golan Heights
Majdal Shams attack
Majdal Shams attack is located in Syria
Majdal Shams attack
Location within the Golan
LocationMajdal Shams, Israeli-occupied Golan Heights
Coordinates33°15′58.4″N 35°46′05.9″E / 33.266222°N 35.768306°E / 33.266222; 35.768306
Date27 July 2024
6:18 pm (UTC+02:00)
Attack type
Rocket attack
Deaths12
InjuredAt least 42
Perpetrator Hezbollah (per Israel and the US, denied by Hezbollah)
 Israel (per Hezbollah and Syria)

Israel and the United States[8] said Hezbollah carried out the attack. Hezbollah denied responsibility for hitting the football pitch and said it had targeted an Israeli military base in the Golan Heights while the football pitch was hit by an Israeli Iron Dome air defence projectile, a claim Western sources called "unconvincing".[9][4][10] The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) said that the rocket was an Iranian-made Falaq-1 equipped with a warhead containing 53 kilograms of explosives.[11]

Experts said that the damage was consistent with the rockets fired at Israel from Lebanon and Syria, and that the weapons fragments found suggested the rocket was fired by Hezbollah or another militant group.[12]

The attack occurred amid broader regional tensions as Hezbollah, supported by Iran, began launching rockets at northern Israel and the Golan Heights following the outbreak of the Israel–Hamas war, sparking a renewed Israel–Hezbollah conflict. Since October 2023, 90,000 Lebanese civilians and 60,000 Israeli civilians have been displaced.[13][14]

Background

Following the 7 October attack, Hezbollah joined the conflict the next day, launching guided rockets and drone attacks at Israeli communities and military installations in Galilee and the Golan Heights. This Israel–Hezbollah conflict has displaced entire communities in Israel and Lebanon, with significant damage to buildings and land along the border. As of 5 July 2024, Israel reports having killed approximately 366 Hezbollah operatives with over 100 Lebanese civilians confirmed killed. According to the UN, over 90,000 people in Lebanon have been forced to flee their homes, while in Israel, 60,000 civilians have evacuated.[15] Israel and Hezbollah have maintained their attacks at a level that causes significant harm without escalating into a full-scale war.[16] From 7 October 2023 to 21 June 2024, Israel attacked Lebanon 6,124 times. Hezbollah and other Lebanese forces attacked Israel 1,258 times.[17]

Hezbollah employed advanced Iranian-origin missiles, including the Falaq-1 rocket system, in its attacks against Israel.[18] In response to a similar attack in June, which injured civilians on a soccer field in the Druze town of Hurfeish, Israel targeted military sites deep within Lebanon.[16]

Attack

At 6:18 pm, alarms sounded in Majdal Shams following a barrage to the north.[19] A projectile then hit and exploded at a soccer field in the town, located near a playground. According to initial reports, eleven people were wounded, with five in critical condition and six in serious condition.[19][20] Emergency services, including Magen David Adom (MDA), treated the critically injured, aged between 10 to 20, some of whom were transferred to local clinics. A senior MDA paramedic described the scene as one of destruction with victims lying on the grass.[21][20]

According to residents, the children were playing soccer during the attack and while the warning siren activated, it was only a few seconds before the rocket hit the field leaving no time to seek shelter.[22]

Before the impact on the field was reported, Hezbollah took credit for multiple attacks including one with a Falaq-type rocket on the military headquarters of the Hermon Brigade, which was 3 km from the football pitch.[4][23] A senior Hezbollah official, Mohammad Afif, later said that the group was not responsible for the attack on Majdal Shams.[5][20]

The IDF stated that they had performed an assessment and concluded that Hezbollah was responsible for the rocket attack.[24] IDF spokesman Daniel Hagari stated that the type of rocket used was an Iranian-made Falaq-1,[25] carrying a 50 kg warhead, which has previously been used by Hezbollah, the only Iranian proxy to possess it.[26] The Israeli army posted pictures of Falaq-1 shrapnel that it said was found at the scene of the attack, but with no apparent pictures of the shrapnel in situ at the blast site.[27]

Hezbollah has issued denials that they were responsible for the strike,[28] instead stating it was caused by an Israeli Iron Dome projectile which was supposed to counter Hezbollah rocket fire aiming for Israeli military sites.[29] Iranian and Qatari state media claimed there were reports that an Iron Dome interceptor was to blame.[30][31][32] Additionally, Al-Mayadeen, a Lebanese outlet with close ties to Hezbollah, stated that the blast site was inconsistent with a Falaq-1, which it said would have left a larger impact crater.[27]

According to US intelligence, there were no doubts that Hezbollah was responsible but it was not certain if Hezbollah intentionally targeted the site or misfired.[22]

Israeli authorities have characterized it as the deadliest attack on their civilians since the 7 October attacks.[33] Israeli Police and Northern District detectives secured the crash site to eliminate any further risk to the public and conducted a search for additional remains.[34]

Colonel Avichay Adraee, the IDF's Arabic-language spokesman, said the rocket attack was launched by Ali Muhammad Yahya, who is a commander at a rocket launching site in Chebaa.[35][36]

Analysis

Daniel Sobelman from Harvard Kennedy School highlighted that the strike was "the most serious in Israel in nine months of fighting between the country and militants in Lebanon."[16] The Associated Press reported the civilian death toll is the highest in Israel since Hamas’ October 7 attack, and pointed to evidence that a rocket from Lebanon hit the field.[11]

According to an analysis by The Jerusalem Post, Hezbollah and Lebanese officials are attempting to distance themselves from responsibility for the Majdal Shams massacre, despite growing evidence linking Hezbollah to the attack. Lebanese authorities and Hezbollah representatives have issued denials and spread misinformation to avoid backlash, with claims ranging from blaming Israeli anti-rocket interceptors to outright rejecting involvement. These actions are aimed at preventing further conflict and mitigating the negative impact on Hezbollah's image, particularly in light of the group's history of targeting civilians and the potential for unrest among the Druze community in Lebanon and Syria.[3]

Gideon Levy, writing for Haaretz, criticized the lack of shock in Israeli media and the IDF over the deaths of thousands of children in Gaza since October 7. He highlighted the quick labeling of children killed in Majdal Shams as "murdered Israelis," even though not all were Israeli citizens, contrasting it with the silence over Gaza's casualties.[37]

Associated Press journalists noted that it was unclear what Hezbollah, who made a rare denial of the attack, would have gained from attacking Druze in Golan who see themselves as Syrians citizens, as it would hurt their stance in Lebanon.[11]

Experts analyzing satellite images, photos, and videos suggest that the evidence points to a rocket attack. Weapon expert Richard Weir from Human Rights Watch noted that the damage aligns with a Falaq rocket, which causes irregular shrapnel and high explosive impact, adding it could have been a missile that overshot its target Israeli military position on Mount Hermon, either due to human error or mechanical fault. Dr. Ran Steinberg reported jagged shrapnel in the wounds of children treated at Rambam Hospital, supporting the rocket theory. Chris Cobb-Smith, a weapons analyst, observed that the shape of the crater and the damage direction imply the rocket came from the north.[11]

Victims

 
A funeral of the deceased a day after the attack

None of the victims had accepted Israeli citizenship, as most Druze in the Golan Heights identify as citizens of Syria.[6]

The following are the victims who died in the course of the attack, as well as one who died in hospital.[38]

  1. Alma Ayman Fakhr al-Din (11 years old)
  2. Ameer Rabeea Abu Saleh (16 years old)
  3. Hazem Akram Abu Saleh (15 years old)
  4. Fajr Laith Abu Saleh (16 years old)
  5. John Wadeea Ibrahim (13 years old)
  6. Iseel Nasha'at Ayoub (12 years old)
  7. Finis Adham Safadi (11 years old)
  8. Milad Muadad al-Sha'ar (10 years old)
  9. Naji Taher al-Halabi (11 years old)
  10. Nathem Fakher Saeb (16 years old[39])
  11. Yazan Nayeif Abu Saleh (12 years old)
  12. Gajafara Ibrahim (11 years old)[40]

Aftermath

 
IDF Chief of Staff, Lt. Gen. Herzi Halevi, at the soccer field in Majdal Shams, meeting with Druze community leader Sheikh Mowafaq Tarif, local council representatives, and senior IDF officers

Following the attack, Israel's military stated that it had launched strikes against Hezbollah weapon storage and infrastructure in Lebanon, specifically in the areas of Chabriha, Borj Ech Chemali, Beqaa, Kafr Kila, Khiam, Rab El Thalathine, and Tayr Harfa.[41][42] The IDF also said that it struck the launch site of the projectile with artillery.[43]

28 July

On 28 July, Lebanon's foreign minister, Abdallah Bou Habib, said that the Lebanese government had requested that the US urge Israel to show restraint, and added that the US had also asked Lebanon to relay a message to Hezbollah to exercise restraint.[44] Hezbollah, reported to be on high alert, preemptively evacuated key sites in southern Lebanon and the Beqaa Valley in anticipation of a possible Israeli response.[45]

A spokesman for the Israeli Foreign Ministry said that the situation could be resolved without broader conflict if Hezbollah complied with United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701, which was intended to end the 2006 Lebanon War and required that they withdraw behind the Litani River.[46]

Over 300,000 shekels were raised on Sunday by 2,065 people for families in Majdal Shams who lost children in a rocket attack.[47] Israeli Finance Minister Bezalel Smotrich, who came to visit the site of the attack, was berated by local residents who called him a "criminal" and a "murderer".[48] Some Druze residents of the Golan Heights called on Israel to take decisive action against Hezbollah.[49][50][51]

29 July

On 29 July, Israeli authorities confirmed the death of 11-year-old Jivara Ibrahim Ibrahim, the 12th victim of the attack. Ibrahim had been missing for over 24 hours following the attack, and his death was confirmed through DNA testing of evidence from the scene. His family and local residents had been searching for him and providing DNA samples to hospitals.[52]

Flights to and from Beirut–Rafic Hariri International Airport faced significant cancellations and delays. Major airlines, including Air France, Lufthansa, and Swiss, suspended flights due to security concerns. The rocket strike has heightened fears of a broader conflict, as Hezbollah denied responsibility. Beirut airport's operations were further affected by insurance-related issues and increased cross-border hostilities.[53]

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu visited the site of the attack and was met with 200 protestors yelling "He is the enemy of all of us" and "murderer". Some of the protestors held up signs calling Netanyahu a "war criminal". A viral post titled "All Eyes on Majdal Shams" depicted children in a soccer field through an AI-generated image, similar to the "All Eyes on Rafah" campaign. The image was shared by Israeli Jews and Arabs.[54][55]

Germany and Norway have advised their citizens to leave Lebanon, while the US and Denmark have reiterated their recommendations against travel to the country.[56]

30 July

A Hezbollah rocket attack killed one Israeli citizen in kibbutz HaGoshrim and wounded three more.[57]

On the evening of 30 July, Israel retaliated with a UAV strike on Beirut, targetting Fuad Shukr, also known as Hajj Mohsin, a senior adviser to Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah who was previously named by the IDF as a commander of the group's precision missile project. He is also wanted by the United States for his involvement in the 1983 Beirut barracks bombings.[58]

Reactions

Israel

  •   Israel: President Isaac Herzog condemned the attack as a "terrible and shocking disaster". He described the attack as a brutal act targeting children who were simply playing soccer, stating, "They did not return." Herzog urged the international community to not remain silent against Hezbollah's actions, which he linked to Iranian influence, asserting that Israel would "firmly defend its citizens and its sovereignty."[33]
  • Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu spoke by telephone with Sheikh Mowafaq Tarif following the attack, expressing his "deep horror" at the killing of "children and innocents". He emphasized that Israel would retaliate harshly, stating that Hezbollah would "pay a heavy price for this that it has not paid to this point".[59]
  • Foreign Minister Israel Katz declared that the attack had crossed all red lines and warned of a potential full-scale war with Hezbollah and Lebanon. He stated that while the conflict would come at a significant cost, the goal is to decisively defeat Hezbollah and restore peace, and he has directed the Foreign Ministry to prepare a global campaign to support actions in Lebanon.[24]

Syria

  •   Syria: The Council of Ministers condemned the attack and stated it was "an attempt to fabricate lies and pretexts to expand the circle of aggression against the peoples of the region and to escape the impasse resulting from the resistance that this occupation is facing in the Gaza Strip."[61]

International

  •   Argentina: The Ministry of Foreign Affairs stated strong condemnation for "the cowardly attack by Hezbollah" and solidarity with Israel and support for Israel's right to legitimate defense; while pointing the 30th anniversary of the AMIA bombing in Argentina which was also reportedly perpetrated by Hezbollah, to once again reiterate its strongest condemnation of all forms of terrorism.[62]
  •   Canada: Foreign Minister Mélanie Joly condemned the attack and offered condolences to the victims' families and the Druze community. She also worried about an escalation in the conflict between Israel and Hezbollah and demanded that Iran and its proxies avoid further destabilizing the region.[63]
  •   European Union: High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy Josep Borrell said: "I strongly condemn this bloodbath. We need an independent international investigation into this unacceptable incident. We urge all parties to exercise utmost restraint and avoid further escalation." He also described "shocking images from the soccer field in the Druze town of Majdal Shams."[64]
  •   Lebanon: The government of Lebanon issued a statement urging "immediate cessation of hostilities on all fronts" and condemned attacks on civilians but did not mention Majdal Shams.[65] Lebanese Druze politician Wiam Wahhab said that Druze "blood is not cheap," and called for an independent investigation into the Majdal Shams massacre.[2]
    •   Hezbollah: Hezbollah said it had carried out nine attacks using rockets and suicide drones against IDF targets including Maaleh Golani in response to Israeli airstrikes but denied Majdal Shams had been targeted.[65]
  •   United Kingdom: Foreign Secretary David Lammy condemned the attack, expressed concern about an escalation of the conflict and called on Hezbollah to cease its attacks.[66]
  •   United States: The US condemned the attack and reaffirmed its support for Israel against Hezbollah.[67] It also voiced concerns that it could spark an escalation of the Israel–Hezbollah conflict.[68] Secretary of State Anthony Blinken said: "Every indication is that indeed the rocket was from Hezbollah. We stand by Israel's right to defend its citizens from terrorist attacks."[69]

Druze response

The attack provoked widespread outrage among Druze in Israel, Lebanon and Syria.[70]

Golan Heights

The Druze community in the Golan Heights sent a letter to the Israeli government asking that no government ministers attend the funeral.[71] The funeral was kept non-political, with no national flags, and a Druze resident stated "Many Druze feel angry and do not want to be fuel in this war for any side".[72] A local paramedic stated "for sure, it was not targeting Majdal Shams. There are many Israeli military bases around the town. I expect this threat was heading their way".[11]

In Majdal Shams, some residents urged immediate and severe retaliation from Israeli authorities, and called for decisive action against Hezbollah.[49][50][51][73] Other reports stated the local Druze rejected retaliation and Israel's attempt to politicize the tragedy.[74]

Israel

Sheikh Mowafaq Tarif, the spiritual leader of the Druze community in Israel, condemned the attack, stating: "We are in great shock from the horrific massacre in the Druze village, an atrocious and murderous terrorist attack that struck innocent children playing soccer. The sight of the children's shattered bodies strewn across the grass is indescribable." He further stated, "a civilized country cannot allow the continuous harm to its citizens and residents."[24]

Lebanon

Lebanese Druze leader Walid Jumblatt slammed Israeli "lies" and "crocodile tears over the Druze Arabs".[75] Some Lebanese Druze activists condemned the Majdal Shams massacre, expressing profound grief and intensifying their opposition to Hezbollah. They criticized political leaders for perceived alliances with the group and stressed the need for unity among Druze communities across the region.[76]

Syria

20 people protested in Syrian Druze city of as-Suwayda against Hezbollah, shouting: "Listen, motherland. May God bless our people in the occupied Golan. We can afford to be silent when children sleep quietly, but when they die in a treacherous bombing delivered by the party of the devil, we must raise our voices against the gang that rules here."[77]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Israel captured the territory from Syria during the 1967 Six-Day war and later annexed it. Most of the international community consider the territory part of Syria occupied by Israel, though this is disputed by Israel and the United States.

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