Mahmud Abd al-Khayr Al Arif (Arabic: محمود عارف, romanized: Maḥmūd ʿĀrif; 1909 – 1 March 2001), commonly known as Mahmud Arif, was a Saudi Arabian poet. He was born in Old Jedda, Hejaz. After studying in Kuttab for three years, he joined Al Falah School and graduated. He worked as a teacher there for seven years, then moved to government jobs and worked in various office and administrative support occupations, such as: editor, copy typist and lawyer in the Civil Endowments Department of the Sharia judiciary, director of passports and government residency and finally moved to the accounting department. He was chosen a member of the Consultative Assembly until his retirement in 1978. In 1963, appointed as editor-in-chief of Okaz newspaper for a year at the beginning of the new system for journalistic institutions in Saudi Arabia. He is one of the founding members of the Jeddah Society of Culture and Arts in 1975. As a poet, he published many collections of poetry and several other prose books.[1][2][3][4]
Mahmud Arif | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Arif, 1970s | |
| Native name | محمود عارف |
| Born | 1909 Jedda, Hejaz vilayet, Ottoman Empire |
| Died | March 1, 2001 (aged 92) Jedda, Saudi Arabia |
| Occupation |
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| Language | Arabic |
| Nationality | Ottoman (1909-1916) Hejazi (1916-1925/1932) Saudi Arabian (1932-2001) |
| Years active | 1963-2000 |
Biography edit
Mahmud Abd al-Khayr Āl Arif was born in Jeddah in 1909. [5] An Afro-Saudi,[6] as a child, he joined the Al-Azim kuttab, then Al Falah School, where he studied under several famous teachers, including: Muhammad Husayn Awwad, Hussain Qattar, Mustafa Nilawi, Muhammad al-Mazruqi and Abd al-Wahhab Nashar. Among his colleagues at the school were: Ahmad Qandil, Salem Ashraf, Abbas Halawani and others. [7]
Occupations edit
After graduating he worked as a teacher in Al-Falah School for seven years, then moved to government jobs and worked in various office and administrative support occupations. He worked in as editor, copy typist and lawyer in the Civil Endowments Department of the Sharia judiciary, director of passports and government residency and finally moved to the accounting department in Al-Kandasah, the agency specialized in desalinating sea water in Jeddah. A member of the Jeddah Municipality, he was also chosen a member of the Consultative Assembly until his retirement in 1978.
In 1963, appointed as editor-in-chief of Okaz newspaper for a year at the beginning of the new system for journalistic institutions in Saudi Arabia. He is one of the founding members of the Jeddah Society of Culture and Arts in 1975.[8] He also entered the sport as he co-founded Al Ahli Saudi FC in Jeddah with Omar Shams and Hassan Shams, and later left them to devote himself to his favorite team Al-Ittihad Club.[9]
Poetry edit
He is best known as a sentimental poet and "a lover of beauty", he also wrote political poetry.[10] Mahmud Arif belongs to the second generation of 20th-century Saudi Arabian poets. In some respects, his experience was romantic. He did not deviate in his poetry from the traditional Al-Khalili Arabic prosody; classic in terms of form, but its language is modern, dominated by his vision of public issues, occasions, social and historical transformations.[8] According to Hasan al-Ni'mi, "He is one of the romantic poets who delve into the ego and his past, convinced of the badness of the outside world and its inadequacy for life... He is one of the romantic poets who dive into the pain and misery of the ego, convinced of the badness of the outside world and its inadequacy for life...who makes his poetry a permanent nostalgia for the world of salvation from evils and sins."[8] He published many collections from 1978, most of them were collected in a two-volume book entitled The Night Hymns (Arabic: ترانيم الليل) in 1984. He also wrote several prose books. [11]
Personal life edit
Mahmud Arif parents died when he was young, a maternal aunt became his legal guardian. He married at a late age and had three daughters and three sons. His wife died before him.[9]
Death edit
He died on 22 February 2001 or 1 March in Jeddah at the age of 92. [12][13]
Awards edit
Works edit
Poetry collections:
- Arabic: الشاطئ والسراة, romanized: al-Shāṭiʼ wa-al-sarāh, 1978
- Arabic: في عيون الليل, romanized: Fī ʻuyūn al-layl, 1979
- Arabic: الروافد, romanized: Al-rawāfid, 1980
- Arabic: أرج ووهج, romanized: Araj wa-wahaj, 1980
- Arabic: على مشارف الزمن, romanized: ʻAlá mashārif al-zaman, 1980
- Arabic: أيام من العمر, romanized: Ayyām min al-ʻumr, 1980
- Arabic: مدينتي جدة, romanized: Madīnatī Jiddah, 1981
- Arabic: رباعيات, romanized: Rubaiyat, 1984
- Arabic: المزامير, romanized: al-mazāmīr, 1984
- Arabic: مشاعر على الضفاف, romanized: Mashāʻir ʻalá al-ḍifāf
- Arabic: الفردوس الحالم, romanized: al-Firdaws al-Ḥalīm, 1984
- Arabic: ترانيم الليل, romanized: Tarānīm al-layl, 1984
- Arabic: الزحف بعد العبور, romanized: al-Zaḥf baʻda al-ʻubūr, 1989
- Arabic: عاصفة الصحراء, romanized: ʻĀṣifat al-Ṣaḥrāʼ, 1993
Books:
References edit
Citations edit
- ^ Yaʻqub, Imil (2004). Muʻjam al-shuʻarāʼ : mundhu badʼ ʻaṣr al-Nahḍah معجم الشعراء منذ بدء عصر النهضة [Dictionary of poets since the beginning of Nahda] (in Arabic). Vol. 3 (first ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Sader. p. 278.
- ^ Al-Jaburi, Kamel Salman (2003). Mu'jam Al-Udaba' min Al-'Asr Al-Jahili Hatta Sanat 2002 معجم الأدباء من العصر الجاهلي حتى سنة 2002 [Dictionary of writers from the pre-Islamic era until 2002] (in Arabic). Vol. 6 (first ed.). Beirut, Lebanon: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Ilmiyah. p. 185.
- ^ "الأستاذ محمود عارف". alithnainya (in Arabic). Retrieved 8 August 2022.
- ^ Ibn Silm, Ahmad Sa'id (1992). Mawsuʻat al-udabaʼ wa-al-kuttab al-Saʻudiyin: khilala sittin ʻaman, 1350 H-1410 H موسوعة الأدباء والكتاب السعوديين خلال ستين عامًا 1350 هـ - 1410 هـ [Encyclopedia of Saudi literati and writers during sixty years 1350 AH - 1410 AH] (in Arabic). Vol. 2 (first ed.). Medina, KSA: Dar al-Minar. p. 232. ISBN 9789775254221.
- ^ Basalamah 2013, p. 264.
- ^ Al-Wahhabi, Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad (2020). في الأدب السعودي، التطوير والتغيير؛ تأملات نقدية [In Arabic Literature: A Critical Reflection] (in Arabic) (first ed.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Massira. p. 105. ISBN 9789957971731.
- ^ Hussein 1994, p. 497.
- ^ a b c Al-Ni'mi 2015, p. 750.
- ^ a b "محمود عارف الشاعر المسكون بهاجس الزمن". okaz.com (in Arabic). 4 April 2012. Archived from the original on 9 August 2022. Retrieved 9 August 2022.
- ^ Sasi, Umar al-Tayyib (1983). al-Mūjaz fī tārīkh al-adab al-ʻArabī al-Saʻūdī الموجز في تاريخ الأدب العربي السعودي [Summary in the history of Saudi Arabian iterature] (in Arabic) (first ed.). KSA: Tihamah. p. 136.
- ^ a b c Al-Ni'mi 2015, p. 751.
- ^ Hussein 1994, p. 266.
- ^ "رحيل محمود عارف". Al-Faisal (in Arabic) (295): 125. March 2001.
Sources edit
- Hussein, Mustafa Ibrahim (1994). Udaba' Sa 'udiyun, tarjamat shamilah li-sab 'at wa-'ishrin adiban أدباء سعوديون؛ ترجمات شاملة لسبعة وعشرين أديبًا [Saudi writers:comprehensive biographies of twenty-seven writers] (in Arabic) (first ed.). Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: Dar al-Rifa'i. pp. 29–49. ISBN 9789960662008.
- Basalamah, Farooq bin Saleh (2013). Min ruwad al-adab al-Saudi من رواد الأدب السعودي [Pioneers of Saudi literature] (in Arabic) (first ed.). Amman, Jordan: Dar Ammar. pp. 86–92. ISBN 9789953542744.
- Al-Ni'mi, Hasan (2015). Hamdi, al-Sakkut (ed.). Qāmūs al-Adab al-ʻArabi al-Hadith قاموس الأدب العربي الحديث [Dictionary of Modern Arabic Literature] (in Arabic) (first ed.). Cairo, Egypt: General Egyptian Book Organization. ISBN 9789779102146.
