Kuybyshev Reservoir or Kuybyshevskoye Reservoir (Russian: Куйбышевское водохранилище, romanized: Kuybyshevskoye vodokhranilishche), sometimes called Samara Reservoir and informally called Kuybyshev Sea, is a reservoir of the middle Volga and lower Kama in Chuvashia, Mari El Republic, Republic of Tatarstan, Samara Oblast and Ulyanovsk Oblast, Russia.[1] The Kuybyshev Reservoir has a surface area of 6,450 km² and a volume of 58 billion cubic meters. It is the largest reservoir in Europe and third in the world by surface area. The major cities of Kazan, Ulyanovsk, and Tolyatti are adjacent to the reservoir.
| Kuybyshev Reservoir | |
|---|---|
 near Ulyanovsk | |
  Kuybyshev Reservoir | |
| Coordinates | 53°46′38″N 48°55′46″E / 53.77722°N 48.92944°E |
| Lake type | Hydroelectric reservoir |
| Primary inflows | Volga, Kama, Sviyaga, Kazanka, Bolshoy Cheremshan |
| Primary outflows | Volga |
| Basin countries | Russia |
| Max. length | over 500 km (310 mi) |
| Max. width | 35 km (22 mi) |
| Surface area | 6,450 km2 (2,490 sq mi) |
| Average depth | 8 m (26 ft) |
| Max. depth | 41 m (135 ft) |
| Water volume | 57.3 km3 (13.7 cu mi) |
| Shore length1 | 2,604 km (1,618 mi) |
| Surface elevation | 53 m (174 ft) |
| Islands | Sviyazhsk |
| Settlements | |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |
The reservoir was created by the dam of Zhiguli Hydroelectric Station (formerly, V.I. Lenin Volga Hydroelectric Station), located between the cities of Zhigulevsk and Tolyatti in Samara Oblast.[2] It was filled in 1955–1957. [citation needed]
With the filling of the reservoir in the 1950s, some villages and towns were submerged by the rising water and were rebuilt on higher ground. These included the old fortress town of Stavropol-on-Volga, which was replaced by Tolyatti. One district of Ulyanovsk is below water level and is protected from the reservoir by an embankment. [citation needed]
Paleontology
editIn 1926, a fossilized tooth of Ptychodus latissimus paucisulcata was found in redeposited sediments of Tunguz sand spit, which was later flooded by the waters of the reservoir.[3]
Gallery
edit-
Mountainous right bank of the reservoir -
Kuybyshev Sea near Kazan -
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Rainey, Thomas B. (1999-03-01). "Environmental Review: Managing the Kuybyshev Reservoir in the New Russia: A Status Report". Environmental Practice. 1 (1): 48–55. doi:10.1017/S1466046600000193. ISSN 1466-0466.
- ^ Semenov, D. Yu. (2010-11-01). "Dynamics of species diversity of Cyclostomata and fishes in the Kuybyshev Reservoir". Journal of Ichthyology. 50 (9): 757–762. doi:10.1134/S0032945210090080. ISSN 1555-6425. S2CID 39130216.
- ^ Д. В. Варенов, А. Ф. Кочкина, Д. А. Сташенков (2020). The find of cartilaginous fish of the genus Ptychodus from Upper Cretaceous of Samara Region (in "Самарский край в истории России") (PDF) (in Russian). Vol. 7. Самара: СОИКМ им. П.В. Алабина. p. 62. ISBN 978-5-6045597-0-3.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) "Archive copy" (PDF). February 7, 2024. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-02-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)