Gunderslevholm

Gunderslevholm
Gunderslevholm
General information
Architectural style	Neoclassical
Location	Gunderslevvej 13; 4160 Herlufmagle
Country	Denmark
Coordinates	55°17′53.12″N 11°40′16.95″E / 55.2980889°N 11.6713750°E
Completed	1729
Owner	Claus de Neergaard and Christoffer de Neergaard

Gunderslevholm is a manor house and estate located 12 km northwest of Næstved in southeastern Denmark. Gunderslevholm has been owned by members of the de Neergaard family since 1803. The main building is located on high ground just west of the Susaa river. It was originally a Baroque-style mansion built in 1729 for Carl Adolph von Plessen but was in 1787 adapted to the Neoclassical style. Gunderslevholm covers 2,020 hectares of land and 276 hectares of lake (2023).

History

Early history

In the Middle Ages, Gunderslevholm was located in the village of Gunderslevmagle, The first known owner of the manor was Niels Pedersen. After his death, Gunderslevholm was jointly owned by his sons Peder Nielsen and Jens Nielsen.^[1] Jens Nielsen sold the estate to Johannes Mogensen Grubbe, a district judge of Zealand, in 1333. Grubbe constructed a fortified house on the estate, but it was destroyed by king Valdemar IV's troops just a few years later. According to Sjællandske Krønnike, Grubbe had sided with Holstein, in their conflict with the Danish king. Johannes Mogensen Grubbe was killed on the third day of the action. other sources suggest that the castle may have been captured by the Holsteins and that Grubbe may have participated in the attempt to take it back.^[1] Either way, Gunderslev was then passed on to Johannes Mogensen Grubbe's three sons, Mogens Jens Grubbe, Esbern Rage Grubbe and Bent Biug Grubbe, who had all remained loyal to the king. Bent Biug Grubbe, who later became the sole owner of the estate, served as hofmeister for Olaf II of Denmark. His son Jens died without children in 1405. His sister, Cecilie, was married to Tyge Basse. Their daughter was married to Ove Jacobsen Lunge, whose daughter Ellen Ovesdatter Lunge married Axel Lagesen Brok.^[2]

Gøye family

Christoffer Gøye, the owner of Gunderslevholm from 1560 to 1584, who is buried in Gunderslev Kirke (Gunderslev Church).

Mogens Gøye's first wife, Mette Bydelsbak, the daughter of Albrecht Engelbrechtsen Bydelsbak and Pernille Brock, was the last surviving member of her family after her brother had died in Dithmarschen. Gunderslevholm therefore passed to Mogens Gøye when Axel Lagesen Brok died in 1498. Mogens Gøye constructed a new main building in circa 1530.^[2]

When Mogens Gøye died in 1544, Gunderslevholm was initially passed to his second eldest son, Eskil Gøye, who died without children in 1560. Gunderslevholm was therefore passed on to his elder brother, Christoffer Gøye. who served in the war against Sweden in 1564-65. He was one of the great landowners of his time. His other holdings included Avnsbjerg, Orebygård, Clausholm, Bregentved and Bollerup. He died in Viborg in 1584 but is buried in Gunderslev Church. His son and only child had died back in 1550, and Gunderslevholm was therefore passed to his nephew, Mogens Gøye, a son of his younger brother, Falk Gøye. Mogens Gøye was headmaster of Herlufsholm Boarding School from 1609.^[2]

Krabbe family

Iver Krabbe.

Mogens Gøye the Younger's son, Christoffer Gøye, in 1631 sold Gunderslevholm to Ejler Urne. Urne's son-in-law, Flemming Ulfeldt, in 1647 sold Gunderslevholm to Iver Krabbe. King Frederik III (1609–70) made Iver Krabbe Governor-General of Norway. Iver Krabbe died on Gunderslevholm on 30 October 1666. Gunderslevholm remained in the Krabbe family's possession until 1693.^[3]

Changing owners

Birgitte Reedtz, the widow of Markor Rodsteen, purchased Gunderslevholm at an auction in 1693. Reedtz' heir, Christian Rodsteen, a foster son, sold Gunderslevholm to Elisabeth Sophie von Holstein in 1707. She served as lady-in-waiting for the queen. Elisabeth Sophie von Holstein sold Gunderslevholm to a court priest, Hector Gottfried Masius, who died shortly thereafter. The Masius family was ennobled under the name von der Maase in 1712. Christian von der Maase expanded the Gunderslevholm estate with more land.

Carl Adolph von Plessen

Carl Adolph von Plessen.

Carl Adolph von Plessen bought Gunderslevholm in 1725. Plessen constructed a new main building in 1729 and expanded the estate through the acquisition of new land. Carl Adolph von Plessen improved the living conditions for the peasants on his estates, e.g. through the construction of schools.

Carl Adolph von Plessen later included the estate in the Plessenske Fideikommis. The legal effect of a fideikommis was that the estate could not be sold, mortgaged, or divided between heirs. The Plessenske Fideikommis was converted from land to capital when the Plessen estates were sold in 1803.^[4]

de Neergaard family

Stone in Gunderslevmagle commemorating the transition from copyholds to freeholds.

The new owner of Gunderslevholm was Peter Johansen de Neergaard. He died at Gunderslevholm in 1835 but had already ceded it to his second-oldest son, Carl de Neergaard. Carl de Neergaard had no children and therefore left Gunderslevholm to his nephew Johan Thomas Oluf de Neergaard who was subsequently succeeded by his son Ferdinand Lorenz de Neergaard.^[5]

Architecture

Gunderslevholm Avlsgaard

The main building is a two storey building which is nine bays wide and whose facade is tipped by a triangular pediment. Its hipped roof is clad with blue-glazed tile.^[6]

Today

Gunderslevholm Manor

The current owners are chamberlain Claus Johan Thomas de Neergaard and Christoffer Johan Thomas de Neergaard. Gunderslevholm covers 2,020 hectares of land and 276 hectares of lake (2023).

List of owners

( - ) Niels Pedersen
( -1333) Peder Nielsen
( -1333) Jens Nielsen
(1333-1345) Johannes Mogensen Grubbe
(1345-1348) Esbern Rage Grubbe
(1345-1369) Mogens Jens Grubbe
(1345-1391) Bent Biug Grubbe
(1391-1405) Jens Grubbe
(1391-1408) Tyge Basse
(1408-1458) Ove Jacobsen Lunge
(1458-1498) Axel Lagesen Brok
(1498-1544) Mogens Gøye
(1544-1560) Eskild Gøye
(1560-1584) Christoffer Gøye
(1584-1615) Mogens Gøye
(1615-1631) Christoffer Gøye
(1631-1640) Ejler Urne
(1640-1647) Flemming Ulfeldt
(1647-1666) Iver Krabbe
(1666-1676) Tage Krabbe
(1676-1693) Boet efter Tage Krabbe
(1693-1699) Birgitte Reedtz, gift Rodsteen
(1699-1707) Christian Rodsteen
(1707-1709) Elisabeth Sophie von Holstein
(1709-1719) The heirs of Hector Gottfried Masius
(1719-1725) Christian von der Maase
(1725-1758) Carl Adolph von Plessen
(1758-1803) Carl Adolph von Plessen
(1803-1835) Peter Johansen de Neergaard
(1835-1850) Carl de Neergaard
(1850-1921) Johan Thomas Oluf de Neergaard
(1921-1938) Ferdinand Lorenz de Neergaard
(1938-1947) Marie Henriette Dorothea de Neergaard, née Hansen
(1947-2006) Rolf Viggo de Neergaard
(1981-2019) Claus Johan Thomas de Neergaard
(2019-) Claus Johan Thomas de Neergaard and Christoffer Johan Thomas de Neergaard

References

^ ^a ^b "Gunderslevholm". roskildehistorie.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 16 June 2022.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Christoffer Gøye" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 3 February 2019.
^ "Gunderslevholm". danskeherregaarde.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 3 February 2019.
^ "Carl Adolph v. Plessen" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 4 February 2019.
^ "Carl Neergaard" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
^ "Sag: Gunderslevholm" (in Danish). Kulturstyrelsen. Retrieved 3 February 2019.

External links

[roskildehistorie-1] "Gunderslevholm". roskildehistorie.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 16 June 2022.

[Gunderslevholm-2] "Christoffer Gøye" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 3 February 2019.

[3] "Gunderslevholm". danskeherregaarde.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 3 February 2019.

[4] "Carl Adolph v. Plessen" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 4 February 2019.

[5] "Carl Neergaard" (in Danish). Dansk Biografisk Leksikon. Retrieved 11 February 2019.

[6] "Sag: Gunderslevholm" (in Danish). Kulturstyrelsen. Retrieved 3 February 2019.

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