Gaochang or Karahoja (Uyghur: قاراھوجا, romanized: Qarahoja, Қарахоҗа; Chinese: 高昌; pinyin: Gāochāng), is the only district and the seat of the oasis city of Turpan, in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. Its population was 254,900 at the end of 2003.
Gaochang
高昌区 • قاراھوجا رايونى Karahoja, Qarahoja | |
|---|---|
 City center | |
.png) Location of Karahoja (red) in Turpan Prefecture (yellow) and Xinjiang | |
  Gaochang Location of the district centre in Xinjiang  Gaochang Gaochang (China) | |
| Coordinates (Turpan government): 42°57′04″N 89°11′22″E / 42.9512°N 89.1895°E | |
| Country | China |
| Autonomous region | Xinjiang |
| Prefecture-level city | Turpan |
| Township-level divisions | 3 subdistricts 2 towns 7 townships |
| District seat | Laocheng Road Subdistrict |
| Area | |
| • Total | 13,650 km2 (5,270 sq mi) |
| Population (2020)[1] | |
| • Total | 317,443 |
| • Density | 23/km2 (60/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard[a]) |
| Postal code | 838000 |
| Area code | 0995 |
| Website | gcq |
| Gaochang, Turpan | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chinese name | |||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 高昌区 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 高昌區 | ||||||
| |||||||
| Uyghur name | |||||||
| Uyghur | قاراھوجا رايونى | ||||||
| |||||||
Name edit
According to the municipal government of Turpan, the district is named after the ancient city of Gaochang. It was also proposed that the district be named after Ayding Lake.[2]
History edit
The district was created on 12 April 2015 after Turpan was upgraded from a county-level city into a prefecture-level city. The district has the same size and population as the former Turpan county-level city.[3]
Demographics edit
Subdivisions edit
Gaochang District is divided into 4 subdistricts, 5 towns, 3 townships and 1 other township-level division.
| Name | Simplified Chinese | Hanyu Pinyin | Uyghur (UEY) | Uyghur Latin (ULY) | Administrative division code | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subdistricts | ||||||
| Laocheng Subdistrict | 老城街道 | Lǎochéng Jiēdào | كونا شەھەر كوچا باشقارمىسى | Kona sheher kocha bashqarmisi | 650402001 | |
| Gaochang Subdistrict | 高昌街道 | Gāochāng Jiēdào | قاراھوجا كوچا باشقارمىسى | Qarahoja kocha bashqarmisi | 650402002 | |
| Putaogou Subdistrict | 葡萄沟街道 | Pútáogōu Jiēdào | بۇيلۇق كوچا باشقارمىسى | Buyluq kocha bashqarmisi | 650402003 | |
| Hongliuhe Subdistrict | 红柳河街道 | Hóngliǔhé Jiēdào | يۇلغۇن ئېغىن كوچا باشقارمىسى | Yulghun ëghin kocha bashqarmisi | 650402004 | |
| Towns | ||||||
| Qiquanhu Town | 七泉湖镇 | Qīquánhú Zhèn | چىچان بازىرى | Chichan baziri | 650402100 | |
| Daheyan Town | 大河沿镇 | Dàhéyán Zhèn | داخىيەن بازىرى | Daxiyen baziri | 650402101 | |
| Yar Town | 亚尔镇 | Yà'ěr Zhèn | يار بازىرى | Yar baziri | 650402102 | |
| Aydingköl Town (Aidinghu Town) |
艾丁湖镇 | Àidīnghú Zhèn | ئايدىڭكۆل بازىرى | Aydingköl baziri | 650402103 | |
| Ürümchilik Town (Putao Town) |
葡萄镇 | Pútáo Zhèn | ئۈرۈمچىلىك بازىرى | Ürümchilik baziri | 650402104 | |
| Yalquntagh Town (Huoyanshan Town) |
火焰山镇 | Huǒyànshān Zhèn | يالقۇنتاغ بازىرى | Yalquntagh baziri | 650402105 | |
| Townships | ||||||
| Chatqal Township | 恰特喀勒乡 | Qiàtèkālè Xiāng | چاتقال يېزىسى | Chatqal yëzisi | 650402203 | |
| Astane Township (Sanpu Township) |
三堡乡 | Sānpù Xiāng | ئاستانە يېزىسى | Astane yëzisi | 650402205 | |
| Shengjin Township | 胜金乡 | Shèngjīn Xiāng | سىڭگىم يېزىسى | Singgim yëzisi | 650402206 | |
| Township-level division | ||||||
| Turpan Seed Stock Station | 原种场 | Yuánzhǒngchǎng | ئەسلى ئۇرۇمچىلىق مەيدانى | Esli Urumchiliq meydani | 650402401 | |
Climate edit
Gaochang District has a cold-desert climate (Köppen climate classification Dwa). The average annual temperature in Gaochang is 6.5 °C (43.7 °F). The average annual rainfall is 50.8 mm (2.00 in) with July as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in July, at around 22.8 °C (73.0 °F) and lowest in January, at around −11.5 °C (11.3 °F).
| Climate data for Gaochang (Hongliuhe, 1981−2010 normals, extremes 1981−2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.3 (54.1) |
15.6 (60.1) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.5 (83.3) |
34.4 (93.9) |
36.9 (98.4) |
40.2 (104.4) |
40.6 (105.1) |
34.5 (94.1) |
26.3 (79.3) |
18.3 (64.9) |
12.9 (55.2) |
40.6 (105.1) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −2.7 (27.1) |
2.1 (35.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
16.8 (62.2) |
23.5 (74.3) |
28.2 (82.8) |
30.3 (86.5) |
28.9 (84.0) |
23.6 (74.5) |
14.8 (58.6) |
5.4 (41.7) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
14.8 (58.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.5 (11.3) |
−6.8 (19.8) |
0.2 (32.4) |
8.1 (46.6) |
15.3 (59.5) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.8 (73.0) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.2 (59.4) |
6.1 (43.0) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
6.5 (43.7) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −18.1 (−0.6) |
−14.1 (6.6) |
−7.4 (18.7) |
0.1 (32.2) |
7.0 (44.6) |
12.6 (54.7) |
15.4 (59.7) |
13.8 (56.8) |
7.6 (45.7) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−9.8 (14.4) |
−15.9 (3.4) |
−0.8 (30.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −27.3 (−17.1) |
−26.6 (−15.9) |
−21.3 (−6.3) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−6.4 (20.5) |
2.4 (36.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−1.4 (29.5) |
−18.5 (−1.3) |
−24.2 (−11.6) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
−29.5 (−21.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 1.0 (0.04) |
1.0 (0.04) |
2.2 (0.09) |
2.7 (0.11) |
4.5 (0.18) |
8.9 (0.35) |
13.1 (0.52) |
9.2 (0.36) |
3.3 (0.13) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.8 (0.07) |
1.3 (0.05) |
50.8 (2.01) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 56 | 42 | 31 | 25 | 23 | 28 | 32 | 31 | 28 | 35 | 45 | 56 | 36 |
| Source: China Meteorological Data Service Center[5] | |||||||||||||
Notes edit
- ^ Locals in Xinjiang frequently observe UTC+6 (Xinjiang Time), 2 hours behind Beijing.
References edit
- ^ Xinjiang: Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties
- ^ "原新疆吐鲁番市为何更名为高昌区?-亚心网". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2015-04-21.
- ^ "吐鲁番撤地设市 新疆首个撤销地区建制设立的地级市". news.xinhuanet.com. ECNS - China News. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 14 April 2015.
- ^ 3-7 各地、州、市、县(市)分民族人口数 [3-7 Population by Nationality by Prefecture, State, City and County (City)]. tjj.xinjiang.gov.cn (in Chinese). Statistical Bureau of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. 2020-06-10. Archived from the original on 2020-11-01. Retrieved 2021-06-11.
- ^ 中国地面气候标准值月值(1981-2010) (in Chinese (China)). China Meteorological Data Service Center. Retrieved January 16, 2023.
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