Geography of the Federated States of Micronesia

Geography of the Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), a country located in the western Pacific Ocean, and in the Micronesia cultural and ecological sub-region of Oceania. While its total land area is very small at 702 km2 (271 sq mi), it has the 14th largest exclusive economic zone at 2,996,419 km2 (1,156,924 sq mi).

Geography of Federated States of Micronesia
ContinentPacific Ocean
RegionOceania
Coordinates6°55′N 158°15′E / 6.917°N 158.250°E / 6.917; 158.250
AreaRanked 176th
 • Total702 km2 (271 sq mi)
 • Land100%
 • Water0%
Coastline6,112 km (3,798 mi)
BordersNone
Highest pointNanlaud on Pohnpei
782 m (2,566 ft)
Lowest pointPacific Ocean
0 m
Exclusive economic zone2,996,419 km2 (1,156,924 sq mi)

Geography

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The country consists of 607 islands extending 2,900 kilometers (1,800 miles) across the Caroline Islands Archipelago. They are east of the Philippine Islands, and north of the island of New Guinea. The federal capital is Palikir, on Pohnpei island.

The 607 islands are grouped into four states, and from west to east are:

Separated from the main islands in southern Pohnpei State are the two islands of Nukuoro and Kapingamarangi. They are geographically part of the Micronesia region, but are linguistically and culturally part of the Polynesia region. The indigenous languages spoken on these two islands are in the Samoic family of Polynesian languages.

Location

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The Federated States of Micronesia are an island group in the Caroline Islands Archipelago of the western Pacific Ocean, in the Micronesia sub-region of Oceania.

Located about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to Indonesia at Geographic coordinates: 6°55′N 158°15′E / 6.917°N 158.250°E / 6.917; 158.250
Map references are Oceania and Micronesia.

Dimensions

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Area:

  • Land area — 702 square kilometers (271 sq mi)
  • Water area (freshwater) — 0 square kilometers (0 sq mi)
  • Total area — 702 square kilometers (271 sq mi)

The country's total area is four times the size of Washington, D.C. in the U.S.

Coastline: The combined coastlines of the country's 607 islands equal 6,112 km (3,798 mi).

Maritime claims:

Terrain

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The country's 607 islands vary from high mountainous ones to low coral atolls. Geologically, there are volcanic rock outcroppings on the islands of Pohnpei, Kosrae, and Chuuk.

Elevation extremes

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Extreme points

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The extreme points of the Federated States of Micronesia, the landforms that are farther north, south, east or west — than any other location in the country.

Environment

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Environment—current issues: Overfishing, land and water pollution.

Environment—international agreements:

Land use

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  • Arable land — 2.86%
  • Permanent crops — 24.29%
  • Other — 72.86%
  • Irrigated land — none

Products: Tropical woods and lumber, marine products, deep-seabed minerals, surface mined phosphate.

Climate

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The Federated States of Micronesia enjoys a tropical climate, with quite even, warm temperatures throughout the year.

Precipitation is generally plentiful, with heavy year-round rainfall. Pohnpei reputedly is one of the wettest places on earth, with up to 330 inches (8.4 m) of rain per year. Nevertheless, drought conditions do occur periodically throughout FSM, especially when the El Niño condition moves into the Western Pacific, when groundwater supplies can dwindle to emergency proportions.

Climate data for Palikir (Köppen Af)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 29.9
(85.8)
30.0
(86.0)
30.2
(86.4)
30.2
(86.4)
30.3
(86.5)
30.4
(86.7)
30.6
(87.1)
30.8
(87.4)
30.9
(87.6)
30.9
(87.6)
30.7
(87.3)
30.3
(86.5)
30.4
(86.8)
Daily mean °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2)
26.9
(80.4)
27.1
(80.8)
26.9
(80.4)
26.9
(80.4)
26.8
(80.2)
26.6
(79.9)
26.7
(80.1)
26.8
(80.2)
26.8
(80.2)
26.8
(80.2)
27.0
(80.6)
26.8
(80.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 23.8
(74.8)
23.9
(75.0)
24.0
(75.2)
23.7
(74.7)
23.6
(74.5)
23.3
(73.9)
22.7
(72.9)
22.6
(72.7)
22.7
(72.9)
22.7
(72.9)
22.9
(73.2)
23.7
(74.7)
23.3
(74.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 377
(14.8)
279
(11.0)
353
(13.9)
462
(18.2)
502
(19.8)
464
(18.3)
504
(19.8)
515
(20.3)
464
(18.3)
469
(18.5)
421
(16.6)
392
(15.4)
5,202
(204.9)
Source: Climate-Data.org[3]
Climate data for Tafunsak (Köppen Af)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 30.2
(86.4)
30.1
(86.2)
30.1
(86.2)
30.0
(86.0)
30.2
(86.4)
30.2
(86.4)
30.2
(86.4)
30.7
(87.3)
30.7
(87.3)
30.8
(87.4)
30.6
(87.1)
30.2
(86.4)
30.3
(86.6)
Daily mean °C (°F) 27.5
(81.5)
27.4
(81.3)
27.4
(81.3)
27.2
(81.0)
27.4
(81.3)
27.3
(81.1)
27.1
(80.8)
27.5
(81.5)
27.4
(81.3)
27.5
(81.5)
27.4
(81.3)
27.4
(81.3)
27.4
(81.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 24.8
(76.6)
24.7
(76.5)
24.7
(76.5)
24.5
(76.1)
24.6
(76.3)
24.4
(75.9)
24.1
(75.4)
24.3
(75.7)
24.2
(75.6)
24.3
(75.7)
24.3
(75.7)
24.6
(76.3)
24.5
(76.0)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 396
(15.6)
479
(18.9)
496
(19.5)
577
(22.7)
490
(19.3)
451
(17.8)
445
(17.5)
414
(16.3)
383
(15.1)
344
(13.5)
412
(16.2)
506
(19.9)
5,393
(212.3)
Source: Climate-Data.org[4]

Natural hazards

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Tropical typhoons are an annual threat, from June to December. The country is located on southern edge of the typhoon belt, with occasionally severe damage, particularly to the low-lying atolls.

Tsunamis and rising sea levels are other natural threats.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Mount Nanlaud". GeoNames. Retrieved 12 May 2013.
  2. ^ "Ponape South". US Geological Survey. 1983. Retrieved 22 Jan 2017.
  3. ^ "Climate: Palikir". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  4. ^ "Climate: Tafunsak". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 22 October 2020.