Brigadier General Eyre Macdonnell Stewart Crabbe, CB (15 March 1852 – 8 March 1905) was a Grenadier Guards officer who fought in the Sudan campaign to rescue General Gordon and in the Second Boer War.[1][2]
Eyre Crabbe | |
|---|---|
 Photograph c.1900 | |
| Born | 15 March 1852 |
| Died | 8 March 1905 |
| Allegiance | United Kingdom |
| Service | British Army |
| Years of service | 1871–1905 |
| Commands | 3rd Battalion, Grenadier Guards |
| Battles / wars | |
| Alma mater | Harrow School |
Background and early life
editHis father was Colonel Eyre John Crabbe of the 74th Regiment, himself the son of Colonel Joseph Crabbe of the East India Company's army. His mother, Elmina Stewart, came from a Jamaica planter family. After education at Harrow School he joined the Grenadier Guards as a lieutenant on 18 October 1871 and was one of the first ensigns not to have to pay for a commission, following the Cardwell reforms. During service in Ireland as a young lieutenant, he married in 1876 Emily Constance Jameson, a descendant of John Jameson, the founder of the Dublin distilling family.[1]
Military career
editCrabbe worked for several years as a musketry instructor, but in 1882 he helped organise the logistical operations for the British attack on Alexandria. He was promoted to captain the following year, on 24 November 1883. In 1884 he volunteered for the Sudan campaign as part of the Guards Camel Corps and took part in the battle of Abu Klea.[3] Promotion to major followed on 15 June 1885.[4]
On 6 July 1898 he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel and became commanding officer of the 3rd Battalion, the Grenadier Guards, and the following year he led the battalion to South Africa following the outbreak of the Second Boer War in October 1899. He was wounded at the Battle of Belmont in November 1899 and mentioned in despatches, but was back with his battalion in time for the Battle of Magersfontein in December. In March 1900 his battalion took part in the march on Bloemfontein and the pacification of the Orange Free State. He escorted Piet Cronjé into captivity, and commented in a letter home: "It is a curious idea taking one’s wife & family with one to the wars & must be inconvenient for many reasons but it is rather the fashion in these parts. Living in a river bed & being shot at every day seems an odd fancy for a lady."[5] On 23 March he was badly wounded when a small foraging party, mainly of officers, which he was leading, including Colonel Codrington of the Coldstream Guards, was ambushed at Karee Siding; his adjutant was killed.[6] This episode was generally regarded as "plucky" but widely reported round the world as an example of the "over-confidence and recklessness" (in the words of the New York Tribune[7]) of British officers. However Crabbe was back with his battalion by the end of April and as they marched north towards Pretoria on 1 May Crabbe was observed and commented on by Arthur Conan Doyle: "Here is another man worth noting. You could not help noting him if you tried. A burly, broad-shouldered man with full, square, black beard over his chest, his arm in a sling, his bearing a medieval knight-errant. It is Crabbe, of the Grenadier Guards."[8]
Crabbe led his battalion to Pretoria and on to the border with Portuguese East Africa at Koomati Poort but their hopes of returning to England with Field Marshal Lord Roberts in November 1900 were dashed. Instead they were sent from Transvaal to Cape Colony to prevent De Wet entering the Cape. When the character of the war changed in early 1901 to that of blockhouses, concentration camps, and mobile columns against Boer guerillas, Crabbe became commander of a mobile column, not rejoining his battalion till March 1902. His mobile column had dangerous brushes with Fouche in May and with Kritzinger in July 1901, and led the forces which defeated and killed Van der Merwe in September and Hildebrand in November. Following the end of the war in June 1902, he was relieved of his command of the 3rd battalion and placed on half-pay on 6 July 1902,[9] with a brevet promotion to colonel from the same date.[10] He returned to England on the SS Carisbrook Castle in late July, landing at Southampton the following month.[11] For his services Crabbe was appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) in the April 1901 South Africa Honours list (the award was dated to 29 November 1900[12]), and he received the actual decoration after his return, from King Edward VII at Buckingham Palace on 24 October 1902.[13]
Later the same year, Crabbe was appointed Assistant Quartermaster General (AGMG) of the 1st Army Corps at Aldershot, with the substantive rank of colonel from 2 November 1902.[14] In May 1903 he became Chief Staff Officer of 4th Army Corps also at Aldershot. He died suddenly of a heart attack soon after arriving for work on 8 March 1905, aged only 52.[15]
Family
editCrabbe married, in 1876, Emily Constance Jameson (1858–1904).[16] His wife had predeceased him and he left four sons and four daughters:
- Colville Cornwallis Albert Eyre Crabbe (b.1878), served Highland Light Infantry; Princess Patricia's Canadian Light Infantry; Auxiliary Division, Royal Irish Constabulary. Died 1921.
- Daisy Maude Crabbe b.1879, d. 1966, twin, married John Ronald Moreton Macdonald of Largie Castle
- Violet Constance Eyre Crabbe b.1879, d. 1951 twin, married Brigadier Robert Hugh Willan, DSO, MC.
- Selina Gladys Eyre Crabbe b.1880, d. 1955, married Hugh Francis Blair-Imrie
- Vice-Admiral Lewis Gonne Eyre Crabbe CB, CIE, CBE, DSO b.1882, d. 1951), a Royal Navy officer, who commanded a ship at the Battle of Jutland in 1916, was Senior Naval Officer in the Persian Gulf and on the Yangtze, and Flag Officer at Liverpool in 1939.
- Ivan Stewart Eyre Crabbe, b. 1884, d. 1937
- Bertha Iris Eyre Crabbe, b. 1887, married Sir William Lawrence, 3rd Baronet, d. 1955.
- Campbell Tempest Eyre Crabbe (1897–1915), a subaltern in the Grenadier Guards, was killed at the Battle of Loos in 1915.[17]
References
edit- ^ a b Who's Who: An Annual Biographical Dictionary. A. & C. Black. 1905. p. 361. Retrieved 13 February 2020.
- ^ F. Lloyd and A. Russell, First or Grenadier Guards 2nd and 3rd Battalions in South Africa 1899–1902
- ^ Count Gleichen With the Camel Corps up the Nile (1888) (Crabbe is referred to as "C" or "the musketoon")
- ^ Hart´s Army list, 1903
- ^ http://samilitaryhistory.org/diaries/emsc.html Letter of 28 February 2000
- ^ "Latest Intelligence – The War". The Times. No. 36099. London. 26 March 1900. p. 5.
- ^ New-York tribune, 25 March 1900, page 3
- ^ Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, Memories and Adventures, pp 141-2
- ^ "No. 27460". The London Gazette. 1 August 1902. p. 4965.
- ^ "No. 27467". The London Gazette. 22 August 1902. p. 5467.
- ^ "The Army in South Africa - troops returning home". The Times. No. 36827. London. 23 July 1902. p. 7.
- ^ "No. 27306". The London Gazette. 19 April 1901. p. 2697.
- ^ "Court Circular". The Times. No. 36908. London. 25 October 1902. p. 8.
- ^ "No. 27494". The London Gazette. 11 November 1902. p. 7168.
- ^ The Times, Thursday, 9 March 1905
- ^ "Eyre Macdonell Stewart Crabbe b. 15 Mar 1852 Glen Eyre, Southampton, Hampshire, England d. 8 Mar 1905 Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Famous Jam?sons".
- ^ "Winchester College".