Erica Chenoweth (born April 22, 1980) is an American political scientist, professor of public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study. They are known for their research work on nonviolent civil resistance movements.[1]
Erica Chenoweth | |
|---|---|
 Chenoweth in 2020 | |
| Born | April 22, 1980 |
| Nationality | American |
| Alma mater | University of Dayton (BA) University of Colorado (MA, PhD) |
| Known for | Civil resistance studies |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | International relations Political science |
| Institutions | John F. Kennedy School of Government Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study Josef Korbel School of International Studies (University of Denver) (2012-2018) Wesleyan University (2008–2012) |
Education
editErica Chenoweth received their B.A. at the University of Dayton, followed by an M.A. and a Ph.D. from the University of Colorado. They previously taught at Wesleyan University until 2012 and completed postdoctoral fellowships at Harvard University and the University of Maryland.[2] Chenoweth joined the University of Denver faculty in 2012,[3] and the Harvard faculty in 2018.
Career
editBetween 2012 and 2018, Erica Chenoweth was professor at the University of Denver. They were a faculty member and PhD program co-director at the Josef Korbel School of International Studies.[2] They also directed the university's Program on Terrorism and Insurgency Research. They were also a researcher at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO).
Since 2018, Chenoweth has been a professor of public policy at the Harvard Kennedy School and the Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study of Harvard University.
Work
edit| External videos | |
|---|---|
 “Erica Chenoweth - Why Civil Resistance Works: Nonviolence in the Past and Future”, Dartmouth College |
Together with Maria J. Stephan, who was then at the U.S. Department of State, Chenoweth co-wrote the book Why Civil Resistance Works. Chenoweth and Stephan organized an international team of scholars in identifying all the major violent and nonviolent governmental change efforts of the twentieth century.[4] They translated the results into a theory of civil resistance and its success rate for political change compared to violent resistance.[5]
Their team compared over 200 violent revolutions and over 100 nonviolent campaigns. Their data shows that 26% of the violent revolutions were successful, while 53% of the nonviolent campaigns succeeded.[4] Moreover, looking at change in democracy (Polity IV scores) suggest that nonviolence promotes democracy while violence promotes tyranny.
In the research data set, every campaign that got active participation from at least 3.5 percent of the population succeeded, and many succeeded with less.[1][4][6] All the campaigns that achieved that threshold were nonviolent; no violent campaign achieved that threshold.[7]
Their research work on nonviolent civil resistance inspired the movement Extinction Rebellion.[1][8][9]
In their 2020 essay, The Future of Nonviolent Resistance, Chenoweth argued that nonviolent protest movements in the 2010s were more common than in previous decades but statistically showed less effectiveness compared to earlier movements. Chenoweth listed the four factors of successful movements that they judged to have been less common in the 2010s movements as: "careful planning, organization, training, and coalition-building prior to mass mobilization" as opposed to protests occurring first; momentum in "grow[ing] in size and diversity" and using techniques such as strikes and civil disobedience; inclusion of a non-internet component to organising; and "strategies for maintaining unity and discipline" in rejecting the use of violent tactics. Their point of view was optimistic about the future of protest movements, stating that protests during the COVID-19 pandemic were "updating and renewing the outdated playbook" of "rely[ing] exclusively on protest" and instead "building resilient coalitions with a greater capacity for bringing about lasting transformation."[10]
Awards
editIn 2012, Why Civil Resistance Works won the American Political Science Association's Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award for "the best book published in the U.S. during the previous calendar year on government, politics, or international affairs."[11]
Chenoweth, along with Stephan, also won the 2013 University of Louisville Grawemeyer Award for Ideas for Improving the World Order.[12] Past winners of this award include Mikhail Gorbachev and Robert Keohane.[13]
In December 2013, Foreign Policy named Chenoweth one of the Top 100 Global Thinkers of the year "for proving Gandhi right," noting their work on providing evidence for the efficacy of nonviolent political movements.[14] In 2013, Erica also won the Karl Deutsch Award (International Relations) for being "judged to have made the most significant contribution to the study of International Relations and Peace Research by the means of publication."[15]
Chenoweth was also awarded the International Studies Association award for "Best Group Blog of the Year" for the blog Violence @ a Glance, which they founded with Barbara F. Walter.
Publications
editBooks
edit- Civil Resistance: What Everyone Needs to Know. N.Y.: Oxford University Press, 2021.
- Rethinking Violence: States and Non-State Actors in Conflict (2010)
- Chenoweth, Erica; Stephan, Maria J. (2011), Why Civil Resistance Works: The Strategic Logic of Nonviolent Conflict, Columbia U. Pr., ISBN 978-0-231-15683-7.
Articles
edit- The Death and Life of Terrorist Networks, Foreign Affairs, October 5, 2020 (co-authored with Christopher Blair, Michael C. Horowitz, Evan Perkoski, and Philip B. K. Potter)[16]
Ukrainian translation:
- Ченовет, Еріка; Стефан, Марія Дж. (2014), Чому ненасильницький спротив ефективний. Стратегічна логіка громадянського конфлікту, Видавництво "Кліо", ISBN 978-617-7023-14-1.
- Chenoweth, Erica, NAVCO Data Project, Sié Chéou-Kang Center for International Security & Diplomacy, Josef Korbel School of International Studies, University of Denver, retrieved 2017-03-17
References
edit- ^ a b c Editorial (21 October 2019). "The Guardian view on Extinction Rebellion: numbers alone won't create change". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2019..
- ^ a b "Erica Chenoweth Faculty Page". du.edu/korbel. University of Denver. Retrieved 1 Nov 2012.
- ^ "Another Honor for the University of Denver's Erica Chenoweth". WIAReport. Women in Academia Report. 6 December 2012. Retrieved 12 February 2013.
- ^ a b c David Robson (14 May 2019). "The '3.5% rule': How a small minority can change the world". BBC. Retrieved 13 November 2019..
- ^ "Success of Nonviolent Revolution". Academic Minute. Inside Higher Ed. Retrieved 15 November 2012.
- ^ Erica Chenoweth (1 February 2017). "It may only take 3.5% of the population to topple a dictator – with civil resistance". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2019..
- ^ Chenoweth, Erica (2013-11-04). "My Talk at TEDxBoulder: Civil Resistance and the "3.5% Rule"". RationalInsurgent.org. Rational Insurgent. Archived from the original on 2019-06-22. Retrieved 2016-10-10.
- ^ Roger Hallam (1 May 2019). "Now we know: conventional campaigning won't prevent our extinction". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 November 2019..
- ^ Matthews, Kyle R. (2021-11-29). "Social movements and the (mis)use of research: Extinction Rebellion and the 3.5% rule". The Commons Social Change Library. Retrieved 2024-04-19.
- ^ Erica Chenoweth (July 2020). "The Future of Nonviolent Resistance". Journal of Democracy. 31: 69–84. doi:10.1353/JOD.2020.0046. ISSN 1045-5736. Wikidata Q125400831. Archived from the original on 9 April 2024.
- ^ "2012 Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award Recipient". Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award. American Political Science Association. Archived from the original on 31 December 2012. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
- ^ "Pair win world order prize for civil resistance study". The Grawemeyer Awards. University of Louisville. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
- ^ "Previous Winners - University Of Louisville Grawemeyer Award For Ideas Improving World Order". The Grawemeyer Awards. University of Louisville. Archived from the original on 28 May 2013. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
- ^ "Erica Chenoweth: For proving Gandhi right". Foreign Policy. December 2013. Archived from the original on 11 December 2013. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
- ^ "Erica Chenoweth Receives Karl Deutsch Award – Peace Research Institute Oslo".
- ^ Blair, Christopher; Chenoweth, Erica; Horowitz, Michael C.; Perkoski, Evan; Potter, Philip B. K. (2020-10-05). "The Death and Life of Terrorist Networks". Foreign Affairs. ISSN 0015-7120. Retrieved 2024-01-09.
