China–Denmark relations are foreign relations between China and Denmark. Denmark recognized the People's Republic of China on January 9, 1950, and the two countries established diplomatic relations on May 11, 1950. On February 15, 1956, the two countries upgraded diplomatic relations from ministerial to ambassadorial level and exchanged ambassadors. China has an embassy in Copenhagen. Denmark has an embassy in Beijing and 4 general consulates in Chongqing, Guangzhou, Hong Kong and Shanghai.
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History
editIn 1870 the Danish ironclad Tordenskjold visited China. In 1899 and 1900, the Danish cruiser Valkyrien visited China with Prince Valdemar of Denmark aboard.
In 1950, Denmark became one of the first western countries to recognize the People's Republic of China.[1]: 165
Since 2000, the most important area of cooperation between China and Denmark has been energy, with a particular focus on renewable energy like wind power.[1]: 167 Denmark describes Sino-Danish energy cooperation as the "crown jewel" of its broader energy partnership program.[1]: 196 At the end of 2005, the two countries launched the Sino-Danish Wind Energy Program to help China learn from the Danish wind power experience in areas including the development of advanced wind power technology, wind resource assessment, and personnel training.[1]: 175 The program lasted until 2010, providing important assistance to China at a time when its wind power capacity was doubling every two years (2006–2009).[1]: 175–176 China and Denmark launched the Renewable Energy Development program in 2008 with the goals of developing capacity and technological innovation in China.[1]: 176 The Danish government also supported the creation of the China National Renewable Energy Center (CNREC), which as of 2023 is the Danish government's most important initiative in China.[1]: 189 Although is a China-led center, Denmark directly supports its operations and leadership, including via a seat on CNREC's advisory committee.[1]: 182
Human rights concerns
editDalai Lama
editChina suspended ties with Denmark after its Prime Minister met the Dalai Lama and resumed them only after the Danish government issued a statement in December 2009 saying it would oppose Tibetan independence and consider Beijing's reaction before inviting him again.[2]
Hong Kong
editIn June 2020, Denmark openly opposed the Hong Kong national security law.[3]
Uyghurs
editIn January 2022, Denmark announced a diplomatic boycott of the 2022 Winter Olympics due to concerns about the Chinese government's human rights abuses of Uyghurs.[4][5]
Greenland
editChina has invested in several projects in Greenland, including in mines for rare-earth elements, iron, and uranium.[6]
In 2018, the China Communications Construction responded to a request for proposals from the Government of Greenland for the construction and operation of three airports in Nuuk, Ilulissat and Qaqortoq.[6] The government of Denmark objected to the bid, citing security objections.[6]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h Lewis, Joanna I. (2023). Cooperating for the Climate: Learning from International Partnerships in China's Clean Energy Sector. Cambridge, Massachusetts: The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-54482-5.
- ^ "China's strident tone raises concerns among Western governments, analysts (Washington Post)". Archived from the original on 2017-10-18. Retrieved 2017-09-20.
- ^ Lawler, Dave (2 July 2020). "The 53 countries supporting China's crackdown on Hong Kong". Axios. Archived from the original on 4 July 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
- ^ "Denmark to join diplomatic boycott of Beijing Olympics over human rights". Reuters. 14 January 2022. Archived from the original on 14 January 2022. Retrieved 14 January 2022.
- ^ Mather, Victor (2022-02-06). "The Diplomatic Boycott of the Beijing Winter Olympics, Explained". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2022-02-08. Retrieved 2024-07-04.
- ^ a b c Mehta, Aaron (September 7, 2018). "How a potential Chinese-built airport in Greenland could be risky for a vital US Air Force base". Sightline Media Group.
