Château-Renault

For other meanings, see Châteaurenault.

Château-Renault is a commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France.

Château-Renault
Commune
Chateau
Coat of arms
Location of Château-Renault
Château-Renault Château-Renault
Coordinates: 47°35′32″N 0°54′37″E
Country	France
Region	Centre-Val de Loire
Department	Indre-et-Loire
Arrondissement	Loches
Canton	Château-Renault
Government
• Mayor (2020–2026)	Brigitte Dupuis
Area 1	3.51 km2 (1.36 sq mi)
Population  (2021)	4,727
• Density	1,300/km2 (3,500/sq mi)
Time zone	UTC+01:00 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+02:00 (CEST)
INSEE/Postal code	37063 /37110
Elevation	83–129 m (272–423 ft)
1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries.

Geography

Topography and toponymy, Cassini, 1756.

Château-Renault is located on the Far-West of the Gâtine Tourangelle plateau, next to the Loir-et-Cher department and at the confluence of two rivers : The Gault and the Brenne. Its Elevation vary between 90 meters and 140 meters on the plateau. The area of the commune is 3.51 square kilometre.

Located in the North of A10 highway, the town of Chateau-Renault is equidistant to the cities of Tours and Vendôme and can be reached on train services on the Tours-Paris or Tours-Vendôme lines.

History

The town at the Middle Age

Evidence of early human occupation or the Loire Valley has been found such as the standing stones of Pierrefite and several hand tools, but the settlement of Chateau-Renault dates from the feudal wars that occurred in the 11th century between the Counts of Blois and the Counts of Anjou. In the early part of the century a loyal member of the court of the Count of Blois was charged by the construction of a defensive structure (most likely a simple wooden tower) on the site of the present chateau. He named this defensive structure after his son, Renaud. This was the origin of the towns name. However, the defensive structure was not enough and the area was soon lost to the Counts of Anjou. It was under the new management that land was donated for the construction of a chapel and a small settlement at the foot of the castle site.

The development of tanneries

From the early 19th century to the mid 20th century, Château-Renault became famous for its activity of tanning leather. It was ultimately a strong industry that had a big influence on how the town developed. The leather produced was used in shoes production.

High levels of calcium carbonate in the water gave the leather produced there a thick, resistant nature and the arrival of the railway in 1867 ensured that the product had access to a market.

Demography

Historical population

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1793 2,030 —     1800 2,518 +3.13% 1806 2,052 −3.35% 1821 2,208 +0.49% 1831 2,468 +1.12% 1836 2,434 −0.28% 1841 2,877 +3.40% 1846 3,108 +1.56% 1851 3,270 +1.02% 1856 3,258 −0.07% 1861 3,562 +1.80% 1866 3,978 +2.23% 1872 3,870 −0.46% 1876 3,831 −0.25% 1881 4,256 +2.13% 1886 4,203 −0.25% 1891 4,397 +0.91% 1896 4,492 +0.43%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1901 4,261 −1.05% 1906 4,299 +0.18% 1911 4,135 −0.77% 1921 4,063 −0.18% 1926 4,097 +0.17% 1931 4,106 +0.04% 1936 3,877 −1.14% 1946 4,180 +0.76% 1954 4,035 −0.44% 1962 4,238 +0.62% 1968 5,125 +3.22% 1975 6,043 +2.38% 1982 6,121 +0.18% 1990 5,787 −0.70% 1999 5,538 −0.49% 2007 5,209 −0.76% 2012 5,060 −0.58% 2017 5,001 −0.23%
Source: EHESS and INSEE (1968-2017)

Notable people

• André Bauchant, naïve painter, born in Château-Renault in 1873. He died in 1958.
• fr:Jean-François Martin Gardien (1755-1793), member of the Convention parliament.
• fr:Paul Séguin-Bertault (1869-1964), painter born in Château-Renault.
• André Verrier (1919-2013), awarded by the Order of Liberation.

International relations

It is twinned with the towns Ripley (United Kingdom), Mülheim-Kärlich (Germany) and Covăsânț (Romania).

See also

• Communes of the Indre-et-Loire department