Bori is a Tani language of India. Bori is spoken in Payum Circle, West Siang District, Arunachal Pradesh (Megu 1988).
| Bori | |
|---|---|
| Bori-Karko | |
| Region | Arunachal Pradesh |
Sino-Tibetan
| |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (included under Adi [adi]) |
| Glottolog | bori1243 |
| ELP | Bori |
 Bori is classified as Definitely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Bori is spoken by the Bori, an indigenous tribal people of India.
Post (2013)[1] and Ethnologue classify Karko as a variety of Bori.[2]
Phonology
editMegu (1988) defines the consonant and vowel inventories as follows:[3]
| Labial | Dental/ Alveolar |
Palatal | Velar/ Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | t | c | k |
| Voiced | b | d | g | ||
| Fricative | s | h | |||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ ⟨ny⟩ | ŋ ⟨ng⟩ | |
| Trill | r~ɹ ⟨r⟩ | ||||
| Approximant | j ⟨y⟩ | ||||
| Lateral | l | ||||
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | ɨ | u |
| Close-mid | e | ə | |
| Open-mid | ɔ | ||
| Open | a, aː |
Grammar
editPlurality is expressed by adding the auxiliary kídíng after the noun. Nouns have no inherent gender, but animals of a specific sex can be marked by two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine. The masculine is marked by the -bo suffix and the feminine is marked by the -né suffix. The word order is SOV.
Four cases are marked by a suffix on the noun. These are the locative, accusative, instrumental, and dative. The habitual aspect is marked by -do and the continuous aspect is marked by -dung. -la and -toka are imperative suffixes. -la can also be used for the interrogative.
Personal pronouns denote three persons and two numbers.[3]
| Person | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | ngo | ngolu |
| 2 | no | nolu |
| 3 | bí | bulu |
References
edit- ^ Mark W. Post. 2013. 'The defoliation of the Tani Stammbaum: A positive-minded exercise in contact linguistics.' Paper presented at the 19th Himalayan Languages Symposium, Australian National University, Sep. 9-10.
- ^ Adi at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ a b Megu, Arak (1988). Bori Phrase Book. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
Sources
edit- Megu, Arak. 1993. The Karkos and Their Language. Itanagar: Directorate of Research, Government of Arunachal Pradesh.
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