Wikipedia

Antoinette Kinney

Antoinette Brown Kinney (1862–1945) was an American politician and community leader who served in the Utah State Senate.

Antoinette Kinney
Member of the Utah Senate from the 6th district
In office
1921–1925
Personal details
Born
Antoinette Brown

1862
New York, US
Died1945 (aged 82–83)
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, US
Resting placeSalt Lake City, Utah
Political partyRepublican
SpouseClesson S. Kinney
Children1
EducationUniversity of Michigan

She spent her childhood in New York and Tennessee before attending the University of Michigan as a young woman. She then moved to Salt Lake City, Utah, and became involved with a number of local, state, and national organizations, such as the Utah State Historical Society and General Federation of Women's Clubs, frequently occupying leadership positions. In 1893, she founded a state chapter of the Federation of Women's Clubs and served as its president. She later served as chairman and president of the League of Women Voters of Utah. In 1921, Kinney was elected to public office as a state senator representing the sixth district of Utah. She was "the only woman senator in the 1923 [Utah] legislature".[1] During her political career, Kinney wrote multiple bills lobbying for education reform, some of which became law and some of which did not. She died in 1945 in Pennsylvania and was buried in Salt Lake City.

Early life edit

Kinney was born in June 1862[2] to Joseph A. Brown, a lawyer, and Mary J. Daniels. She spent her childhood years in Rochester, New York. In 1863, when Kinney was a little over a year old, her father left the family and moved to Kansas. Her mother, in response, moved the family to Tennessee, where Kinney spent her teenage years. In 1878, her two older sisters died of yellow fever, leaving just eighteen-year-old Kinney and her mother behind.[3] Daniels then returned north with her daughter, this time to Michigan, so that Kinney could attend the University of Michigan.[3] She graduated in 1887.[4] While studying at the university, Kinney met her husband, Clesson S. Kinney.[3] They married on December 1, 1889, in Chicago and soon thereafter moved to Salt Lake City, Utah.[5] Kinney's mother lived with the couple until her death in 1891.[3] That same year, Kinney's only child, Selwyn Perez Kinney,[6] was born.[2]

Community involvement edit

In Utah, Kinney became involved with women's organizations at local, state, and national levels. At the turn of the century, Women's clubs were a very prevalent way for Utah women—especially those not affiliated with the Latter-day Saint faith—to organize themselves.[7] Kinney took part in various clubs, often assuming leadership positions; The Salt Lake Tribune dubbed her "one of the best-known clubwomen in the State".[8] She served as the librarian of the Utah State Historical Society,[9] president of Salt Lake City's Municipal Reform Club,[4] and co-president of the Ladies Literary Club.[10] She was also a member of the Salt Lake Women's Club, and served on the national board of directors of the General Federation of Women's Clubs.[8]

In April 1893, at the urging of her aunt, Charlotte Emerson Brown, Kinney established the Utah Federation of Women's Clubs. She directed the Federation's first meeting, calling upon the leaders of women's clubs in Utah to attend and consider joining the new organization. The Ladies Literary Club, the Salt Lake Woman's Club, the Nineteenth Century Club, La Coterie, the Cleofan Club, and the Utah Women's Press Club all chose to become a part of the Federation, uniting LDS and non-LDS women alike. The clubs maintained their autonomy, but banded together for larger initiatives; their first collective efforts centered around "improv[ing] the social landscape of Utah".[7] As president of the Federation, Kinney gave a presentation at the annual meeting of the Juvenile Court Association of Utah in December 1906.[11] Kinney also organized the Provo Progressive Club, later renamed Utah Sorosis, in 1897. The goal of this organization was to "promote the highest development of its members through any avenues of study or work that [seemed] profitable".[12] It was very common at the time for Utah women involved in politics to be members of women's organizations.[10]

Political career edit

Kinney acted as chairman of the League of Women Voters of Utah until becoming its first president in 1919.[13][14] In this capacity, she oversaw Salt Lake City's celebration of the ratification of the 19th Amendment.[15]

From 1921 to 1925, Kinney served in the Utah State Senate[16] as one of five senators for the sixth congressional district in Utah.[17] She was a member of the Republican Party.[16] At the beginning of her term, she was not the only female elected to serve in the Utah Senate; Elizabeth Hayward joined her as another senator for the sixth district.[17] However, by 1923, she was "the only woman senator in the  ... legislature".[1] Her early efforts to pass legislation focused on improving Utah's infrastructure, and were successful; the first bills she wrote established more government-sponsored scholarships and an art institute. Another bill of Kinney's that passed implemented public health regulations regarding sanitation, specifically in schools.[18]

Kinney lobbied for education reform multiple times during her term as senator. She tried to establish kindergarten in the state school system, but the motion was defeated.[19] She also tried to bring the state industrial school (an institution for juvenile offenders) under the direct control of the state and lessen the power of the institutional school board, but this bill failed to pass as well.[20] Her other endeavors included lobbying for government pensions for retirees from the University of Utah[21] and working to establish criteria for parents seeking to adopt a child—mainly, the quality of home the children would be placed into.[22] Kinney also created a bill that would have allowed private citizens the ability to investigate financial malpractice of Utah politicians, specifically their handling of tax funds. The Utah Senate did not, however, pass the bill into law.[23]

Personal life edit

Kinney received a letter in 1895 urging her to come and see her father, Joseph Brown, who was sick. She left immediately for Kansas, but Brown had died by the time she arrived. He left her an estate worth $100,000.[3] Her husband, Clesson S. Kinney, died in 1913 while the couple was visiting Hawaii; they had hoped that the climate would improve his health.[5] Kinney herself died in 1945 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She was 82 years old. She was buried in Salt Lake City.[24]

References edit

  1. ^ a b "Woman Senator is Late for Session". The Salt Lake Tribune. January 9, 1923. p. 10. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  2. ^ a b Antoinette Kinney in the 1900 United States Federal Census, United States census, 1900; Salt Lake City Ward 1, Salt Lake Co., Utah; page 6,, enumeration district 0010, Family History film 1241684.
  3. ^ a b c d e "Mrs. Kinney's Fortune". The Salt Lake Herald. December 10, 1895. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  4. ^ a b "The Michigan Alumnus, Volume 2". The Michigan Alumnus. 2: 105. 1895.
  5. ^ a b "Clesson S. Kinney Dies While Abroad". Salt Lake Telegram. February 19, 1913. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  6. ^ "C. S. Kinney Dead In Honolulu After Ending Life Work". Salt Lake Herald-Republican. February 19, 1913. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  7. ^ a b Madsen, Carol Cornwall (1995). "Decade of Detente: The Mormon-Gentile Female Relationship in Nineteenth-century Utah". Utah Historical Quarterly. 63 (4) – via Issuu.
  8. ^ a b "New President of Federation". The Salt Lake Tribune. October 4, 1903. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  9. ^ "Utah Historical Society". Deseret Weekly. January 8, 1898. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  10. ^ a b MacKay, Kathryn L. (2005). "Women in Politics: Power in the Public Sphere" (PDF). In Scott, Patricia Lyn; Thatcher, Linda; Whetstone, Susan Allred (eds.). Women in Utah History: Paradigm or Paradox?. Logan, UT: Utah State University Press. pp. 360–393. doi:10.2307/j.ctt4cgr1m.14. ISBN 978-0-87421-625-7. JSTOR j.ctt4cgr1m.14.
  11. ^ "Juvenile Court Will Hold Second Annual Session on Saturday Morning". The Morning Examiner. December 6, 1906. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  12. ^ Stauffer, Suzanne Marie (2004). Establishing a Recognized Social Order: Social and Cultural Factors in the Development of Utah Public Libraries, 1890 to 1920 (PhD thesis). University of California, Los Angeles.
  13. ^ Neilson, Reid L.; Givens, Terryl L., eds. (2014). The Columbia Sourcebook of Mormons in the United States. United Kingdom: Columbia University Press. p. 192. ISBN 9780231520607.
  14. ^ Weatherford, Doris (2012). Women in American Politics: History and Milestones. SAGE Publishing. p. 514. ISBN 978-1-60871-007-2.
  15. ^ Stanton, Elizabeth Cady; Anthony, Susan B.; Gage, Matilda Joslyn; Harper, Ida Husted, eds. (1922). History of Woman Suffrage: 1900–1920. New York: National American Woman Suffrage Association. p. 650.
  16. ^ a b Cox, Holly M. (December 1, 2008). From Suffragettes to Grandmothers: A Qualitative Textual Analysis of Newspaper Coverage of Five Female Politicians in Utah's Deseret News and Salt Lake Tribune (Thesis). Brigham Young University.
  17. ^ a b Laws of the State of Utah, 1921. Salt Lake City: Arrow Press. 1921. p. 5.
  18. ^ "Woman's Work: Utah, The Woman's Column". The American Co-operator. 2 (41): 26. 1903.
  19. ^ "Senate Endeavors to Adjust Bill for Workers: Compensation Act Amendments Occupy Time in Committee". Salt Lake Telegram. March 1, 1921. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  20. ^ "Senators Score Utah Industrial School Methods". Salt Lake Telegram. February 26, 1923. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  21. ^ "Ask One Board for U. and A. C." Salt Lake Telegram. February 13, 1923. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  22. ^ "Women Sponsor Recreational Measure". Salt Lake Telegram. January 26, 1923. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  23. ^ "Senate Hurries through Third Readings". Salt Lake Telegram. February 3, 1923. Retrieved March 8, 2021.
  24. ^ "The Michigan Alumnus". The Michigan Alumnus. 55: 356. April 23, 1949.
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