William Clark Haines (10 January 1810 – 3 February 1866),[1] Australian colonial politician, was the first Premier of Victoria.
William Clark Haines | |
|---|---|
 | |
| 1st Premier of Victoria | |
| In office 28 November 1855 – 11 March 1857 | |
| Constituency | Nominee/ South Grant |
| Preceded by | - |
| Succeeded by | John O'Shanassy |
| In office 29 April 1857 – 10 March 1858 | |
| Preceded by | John O'Shanassy |
| Succeeded by | John O'Shanassy |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 10 January 1810 Hampstead, London, UK |
| Died | 3 February 1866 (aged 56) South Yarra, Melbourne, Victoria |
| Nationality | Australian |
| Spouse | Mary Dugard |
Haines was born in London, the son of John Haines, a physician. He was educated at Charterhouse School and Caius College, Cambridge,[2] where he graduated in medicine; he later practiced surgery for several years. In 1835 he married Mary Dugard, with whom he had nine children.
Haines migrated to the Port Phillip District (later Victoria) in 1841 and settled in the Geelong area. He farmed in the area as well as practising as a surgeon. He was appointed a member of the Victorian Legislative Council (then a partly elected, partly appointive body) in 1851, and in 1853 he was elected for district of Grant. He served as colonial secretary 1854–55. Politically, he represented the small farmers against the squatters who owned most of Victoria's land.
When Victoria gained full responsible government in 1855, Haines was leader of the Government.[1] He was commissioned as Victoria's first premier and chief secretary on 28 November 1855 and served until 11 March 1857.[3] Haines was elected to the Legislative Assembly for South Grant in November 1856.[3][4] Haines was again premier from April 1857 to March 1858. Haines then visited Europe for three years.[4] In 1860 he moved to the seat of Portland which he represented until 1864. Haines served as treasurer from 14 November 1861 to 27 June 1863,[3] in the third O'Shanassy government. He served again in the legislative council, representing Eastern Province, from August 1865 until his death in February 1866.[3]
The historian Raymond Wright describes Haines as a bluff, plain "honest farmer" type, who was "much enjoyed for his appalling public speaking." His main concern as premier was to democratise the Constitution which had been drawn up for Victoria by colonial officials before self-government, mainly to protect the interests of the squatter class. A bill was introduced to enlarge the Assembly, redraw electoral boundaries and abolish the property qualification for both votes and candidates. But the unstable situation in the Assembly brought his ministry to an early end.
References
edit- ^ a b Malone, Betty. "Haines, William Clark (1810–1866)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 16 April 2013.
- ^ "Haines, William Clark (HNS828WC)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
- ^ a b c d "Haines, William Clark". Re-Member: a database of all Victorian MPs since 1851. Parliament of Victoria. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 25 August 2022.
- ^ a b Mennell, Philip (1892). . The Dictionary of Australasian Biography. London: Hutchinson & Co – via Wikisource.
Further sources
edit- Geoff Browne, A Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament, 1900-84, Government Printer, Melbourne, 1985
- Don Garden, Victoria: A History, Thomas Nelson, Melbourne, 1984
- Kathleen Thompson and Geoffrey Serle, A Biographical Register of the Victorian Parliament, 1856-1900, Australian National University Press, Canberra, 1972
- Raymond Wright, A People's Counsel. A History of the Parliament of Victoria, 1856-1990, Oxford University Press, Melbourne, 1992