Watertown Subdivision

The Watertown Subdivision or Watertown Sub is a 92.7-mile (149.2 km) railway line in Wisconsin operated by Canadian Pacific Kansas City (CPKC) through its primary United States subsidiary, the Soo Line Railroad. It meets CPKC's Tomah Subdivision in the west in Portage and runs to Milwaukee in the east where it meets the C&M Subdivision. The Watertown Subdivision had previously been operated by the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad (CMStP&P/Milwaukee Road), though the Soo Line Railroad took it over when the Milwaukee Road folded. Canadian Pacific gained ownership via taking over the Soo Line. CP consolidated its operations with the Kansas City Southern Railway on April 14, 2023 to form CPKC.

Watertown Subdivision
The Watertown Sub local in Oconomowoc switching cars from an industrial spur owned by Brownberry
Overview
Status	Active
Owner	Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited
Locale	Wisconsin
Termini	Portage Milwaukee
Service
Type	Freight, passenger
Operator(s)	Canadian Pacific Kansas City Limited, Amtrak
History
Commenced	1850
Completed	1864
Technical
Line length	92.7 mi (149.2 km)
Number of tracks	1–2
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge
Route map west to Tomah Subdivision 178.2 Portage spur, formerly to Stevens Point, Horicon 177.0 to Madison (M&P Subdivision) 176.0 Pacific 169.0 Wyocena 164.3 Rio 159.3 Doylestown 153.6 Fall River 150.0 Columbus 146.2 Astico 140.8 Reeseville to Madison (Wisconsin and Southern Railroad) Union Pacific Railroad Clyman Subdivision 131.2 Watertown 123.6 Ixonia 117.9 Oconomowoc 115.9 Okauchee Lake 113.0 Nashotah 110.1 Hartland 104.2 Pewaukee CN Waukesha Subdivision flyover (proposed) 102.1 Duplainville Canadian National Railway Waukesha Subdivision 99.4 Brookfield 95.1 Elm Grove Union Pacific Railroad 90.6 Wauwatosa to North Milwaukee to Muskego Yard 85.7 Milwaukee Intermodal Station south to C&M Subdivision

History

This line contains the oldest stretch of track in Wisconsin, constructed by an early incarnation of the CMStP&P, the Milwaukee and Mississippi Railroad. Track was laid between Milwaukee and Brookfield in 1850. The initial line then turned southwest from Brookfield and went toward Waukesha. The first passenger train ran between Milwaukee and Waukesha on February 25, 1851. The next segment of the present subdivision was finished between Brookfield and Watertown in 1855, and continued partway to Portage in 1857. This line didn't reach its present western end at Portage until 1864, though an alternate route farther north that ran through Iron Ridge and Horicon, Wisconsin, had reached the city in 1856.

Farther to the west, today's Tomah Subdivision was quickly built from Portage to La Crosse, Wisconsin, in 1857 and 1858. The line finally crossed the Mississippi River into neighboring Minnesota in 1866. This was the second line of the Milwaukee Road to reach the Mississippi. The original rail line to Waukesha had been expanded through Milton and Madison, and reached Prairie du Chien in 1867.

In 1935, the Milwaukee Road introduced the Hiawatha passenger train which ran at high speed between Saint Paul, Minnesota, and Chicago. It was one of the fastest passenger trains in the world at the time. When Amtrak took over passenger service in the United States in 1971, the former Great Northern Empire Builder was redirected to run along the Hiawatha's route between Chicago and Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Minnesota.

Current operations

Around 20–25 trains run on the Watertown Subdivision a day, with two of them being Amtrak's Empire Builder passenger trains; numbers 7 (westbound) and 8 (eastbound). Stops exist in Portage, Columbus, and Milwaukee. The Amtrak Hiawatha Service, which now runs between Milwaukee and Chicago, was expected to be extended to Madison with stops in Watertown, Brookfield, and possibly another city. Initial plans to include a stop in Oconomowoc were dropped. However, these plans never came to fruition following then governor Scott Walker returning the funds to the federal government for use on passenger rail projects in other states.

Among the many mainline freight trains that run through the area, CP G64 stands out as the only local that serves the Watertown Subdivision. Also known as the patrol train, it switches freight cars from many industrial spurs from Portage to Milwaukee. The train also often goes to Madison via the M&P Subdivision, and to a ballast pit in Waterloo via the Wisconsin and Southern Railroad's own Watertown Subdivision.