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editHello, Mgsh9, and welcome to Wikipedia! My name is Ian and I work with the Wiki Education Foundation; I help support students who are editing as part of a class assignment.
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If you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact me on my talk page. Ian (Wiki Ed) (talk) 12:49, 11 September 2017 (UTC)
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In terms of additions to the article, I found a comment on the talk page that I agreed with. The person who made the comment stated that the article should include some information on how gram-staining works and why gram positive bacteria appear purple while gram negative bacteria appear pink. In the article, MreB was introduced as being the protein that determines protein structure; however, I found an article that also said MbI and MreBH contribute to bacterial structure [1] . Lastly, the inhibition section of the article should include all β-lactams (not just penicillin) as antibiotics that stop peptidoglycan synthesis by binding to the transpeptidase enzymes. The article should also include vancomycin which binds to the disaccharide-pentapeptide unit of peptidoglycan which blocks the transpeptidase enzyme from catalyzing synthesis reactions.
The first couple of sentences of the article were practically plagiarized from the article referenced since it was closely paraphrased. Then I found there were a lot of hyperlink issues. First, the “osmotic pressure” hyperlink went to a turgor pressure wiki page. I found out that there is an osmotic pressure wiki page that the hyperlink should take you to. Lastly, the “dry weight” hyperlink takes you to a wiki page that talks about dry weight of vehicles. I found that there is a biological dry weight wiki page but the page is called “dry matter”. This should be fixed by editing the hyperlink.
All the references are good sources since they were from primary research articles, textbooks, and encyclopedias.
--Mgsh9 (talk) 03:56, 18 September 2017 (UTC)
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The gut flora is a very important topic as it has recently been researched extensively. Researchers have looked into the gut to gain a higher understanding of the dynamics of the gut and how these dynamics play a role in bodily functions. The “gut flora” wikipedia article has been rated as mid-importance and B class according to microbiology wikiprojects. The importance rating shows that the article is one that still should be on wikipedia but the B class rating just shows that the article still needs improvement.
In this article, I will be specifically editing the section named “Development of enteric protection and immune system”. I thought the amount of information on this section was very disappointing because when I made a simple search into google scholar about interactions between the gut and the immune system, many articles appeared[2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. All the sources I found were from peer-reviewed journals and the researchers involved were impartial. All of these attributes about the subject makes it notable (significant coverage, reliable sources, and independent of the subject).
In the section of my article, I found that the amount of material in this section does not give a fair representation of the knowledge researchers have acquired in this subject. Secondly, I feel that this section only gives an introductory about the gut-immune system interaction and doesn’t dive into the mechanisms of how these two systems work together to create a more or less healthy individual. For example it does not talk about how gut bacteria metabolites help in development of the immune system[2].
In response to these issues that I mentioned, there are many important things to add like how the gut helps maintain homeostasis in the immune system and how some diseases can form in the gut area due to a loss of interaction between immune cells and gut microbiota. In some of the articles I have looked in to, there have been pictures that may help in explaining certain processes of how the interactions look. I want to incorporate these types of photos as it will help the audience understand the processes better.
--Mgsh9 (talk) 05:07, 28 September 2017 (UTC)
- ^ Dempwolff, F., Reimold, C., Reth, M., Graumann, P.L. (2011). Bacillus subtilis MreB orthologs self-organize into filamentous structures underneath the cell membrane in a heterologous cell system. PLoS ONE 6(11), Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22069484
- ^ a b Levy, M., Thaiss, C.A., Elinav, E. (2016). Metabolites: messengers between the microbiota and the immune system. Genes and Development, 30(14), 1589 – 1597. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4973288/
- ^ Cekanaviciute, E., Yoo, B.B., Runia, T.F., Debelius, J.W., Singh, S., Nelson, C.A., Kanner, R. (2017). Gut Bacteria from multiple sclerosis patients modulate human T cells and exacerbate symptoms in mouse models. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Retrieved from: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2017/09/05/1711235114.full
- ^ Honda, K., Littman, D.R. (2016). The microbiota in adaptive immune homeostasis and disease. Nature, 535(7610), 75 – 84. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27383982
- ^ De Aguero, M.G., Ganal-Vonarburg, S.C., Fuhrer, T., Rupp, S., Uchimura, Y., Li, H., Steinert, A., Heikenwalder, M., Hapfelmeier, S., Sauer, U., McCoy, K.D., Macpherson, A.J. (2016). The maternal microbiota drives early postnatal innate immune development. Science, 351(6279), 1296 – 1302. Retrieved from: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/351/6279/1296
- ^ Dheer, R., Santaolalla, R., Davies, J.M., Lang, J.K., Phillips, M.C., Pastorini, C., Vazquez-Pertejo, M.T., Abreu, M.T. (2016). Intestinal epithelial toll-like receptor 4 signalling affects epithelial function and colonic microbiota and promotes a risk for transmissable colitis. American Society for Microbiology, 84(3), 798 – 810. Retrieved from: http://iai.asm.org/content/84/3/798.full
- ^ Mohamed, Z.S., Lau, K., Ardissone, A., Wasserfall, C., Atkinson, M., Triplett, E., Larkin, J. (2016). Gut bacteria modulate dendritic cell priming of diabetogenic T cell effector functions in a mouse model of autoimmune diabetes. The Journal of Immunology, 196(1), Retrieved from: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/196/1_Supplement/70.2
- ^ Payne, A.N., Chassard, C., Lacroix, C. (2012). Gut microbial adaptation to dietary consumption of fructose, artificial sweetners, and sugar alcohols: implications for host-microbe interactions contributing to obesity. Obesity Reviews, 13(9), 799 – 809. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22686435
- ^ Gensollen, T., Iyer, S.S., Kasper, D.L., Blumberg, R.S. (2016). How colonization by microbiota in early life shapes the immune system. Science, 352(6285), 539 – 544. Retrieved from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/301717889_How_colonization_by_microbiota_in_early_life_shapes_the_immune_system
- ^ Arnolds, K.L., Lozupone, C.A. (2016). Striking a balance with help from our little friends – how the gut microbiota contributes to immune homeostasis. The Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine, 89(3), 389 – 395. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27698623
- ^ Artis, D. (2008). Epithelial-cell recognition of commensal bacteria and maintenance of immune homeostasis in the gut. Nature Reviews Immunology, 8(6), 411 – 420. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18469830