Sergei Anokhin (Russian: Сергеи Николаевицч Анокчин; 19 March 1910 – 15 April 1986) was a Russian Soviet test pilot.[1][2]
Early Life and Education
editSergei Anokhin was born in Moscow on March, 19, 1910.[2] He worked on the railroads until the 1930s when he enrolled at a Higher Air Force School. From there, he became a glider pilot and set numerous world records for flying. In World War II, he assumed command of an Air Force regiment in Belarus.[2]
Test Pilot and Space Program
editIn 1943, Anokhin become the lead test pilot for the first type of Soviet developed jet propelled airplane. Through this, he come became one of the most popular test pilots in the Soviet Air Force. He was awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union honor on February 3, 1953, the highest commendation in the Soviet Union. In 1959, he became the Soviet Union’s first Merited Test Pilot of the Soviet Union.[2] In July and August of 1964, Anokhin was commissioned to test specific airlock designs for what would become future Soviet spacecraft, specifically for the spacecraft sent on the Voskhod 2 mission.[3] Also in 1964, Anokhin was selected by Sergei Korolev to be the head of a team to train civilian cosmonauts, rather than military that they had been prior. Under him, seven people were selected for training. These people included Konstantin Feotistov, Georgiy Grechko, Valeriy Kubasov, Oleg Makarov, Nikolay Rukavishnikov, Vladislav Volkov, and Valeriy Yazdovskiy. These men were collectively known in the Soviet Space program as “Korolev’s Kindergarten”. After training these men, they were brought into various Soviet missions as engineers and scientists at the discretion of Anokhin.[4] Eventually, Anokhin himself was denied becoming an active cosmonaut for later missions due to health problems. He worked in the administration of the Soviet space program until his retirement in 1978.[2]
Death
editSergey Anokhin died on April 15, 1986 and is buried in Novodeviche cemetery in Moscow.[2]
References
edit- ^ "The centenary of the Russian test pilot, the Hero of the Soviet Union Sergei Anokhin". Boris Yeltsin Presidential Library. 1 April 1910. Retrieved 15 April 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Hall, Rex; Shayler, David; Vis, Bert (2005). Russia's Cosmonauts: Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. pp. 333–4. ISBN 0-387-21894-7.
- ^ Hall, Rex; Shayler, David; Vis, Bert (2005). Russia's Cosmonauts: Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. p. 58. ISBN 0-387-21894-7.
- ^ Hall, Rex; Shayler, David; Vis, Bert (2005). Russia's Cosmonauts: Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. pp. 147, 149–50. ISBN 0-387-21894-7.
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Valeriy Grigoryevich Makrushin (born 14 January 1940) was a Russian Soviet cosmonaut .[1]
Valeriy Makrushin joined the Chelomey Design Bureau after graduating from the Leningrad institute of Aviation Instrumentation in 1963. He was recruited to a cosmonaut team on March 22, 1972 and was one of the first cosmonauts selected from this design bureau. He became the head of the Chelomey OKB-52 Mashinostroyeniya cosmonaut team until it was disbanded on April 8, 1987. Makrushin then worked on the Almazmilitary program with the design bureau until his retirement. [1]
- ^ Jump up to:a b Hall, Rex; Shayler, David; Vis, Bert (2005). Russia's Cosmonauts: Inside the Yuri Gagarin Training Center. Chichester, UK: Praxis Publishing. p. 335. ISBN 0-387-21894-7.