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Clinical data | |
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Trade names | Lampit[1] |
Other names | Bayer 2502[1] |
AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
License data |
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Routes of administration | By mouth |
Drug class | Nitrofuran[2] |
Legal status | |
Legal status | |
Pharmacokinetic data | |
Bioavailability | Low |
Metabolism | Liver (Cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYP) involved) |
Elimination half-life | 2.95 ± 1.19 hours |
Excretion | Kidney, very low |
Identifiers | |
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Chemical and physical data | |
Formula | C10H13N3O5S |
Molar mass | 287.29 g·mol−1 |
3D model (JSmol) | |
Chirality | Racemic mixture |
Melting point | 180 to 182 °C (356 to 360 °F) |
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Nifurtimox, sold under the brand name Lampit, is a medication used to treat Chagas disease and sleeping sickness.[1][5] For sleeping sickness it is used together with eflornithine in nifurtimox-eflornithine combination treatment.[5] In Chagas disease it is a second-line option to benznidazole.[2] It is given by mouth.[1]
Common side effects include abdominal pain, headache, nausea, and weight loss.[1] There are concerns from animal studies that it may increase the risk of cancer but these concerns have not be found in human trials.[2] Nifurtimox is not recommended in pregnancy or in those with significant kidney or liver problems.[2] It is a type of nitrofuran.[2]
Nifurtimox came into medication use in 1965.[2] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[5] It was approved for medical use in the United States in 2020.[4] It is not available commercially in Canada.[1] It cost about 20 USD for a course of treatment as of 2013.[7] In regions of the world where the disease is common nifurtimox is provided for free by the World Health Organization.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h "Nifurtimox (Systemic)". Drugs.com. 1995. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f Bern, Caryn; Montgomery, Susan P.; Herwaldt, Barbara L.; Rassi, Anis; Marin-Neto, Jose Antonio; Dantas, Roberto O.; Maguire, James H.; Acquatella, Harry; Morillo, Carlos (2007-11-14). "Evaluation and Treatment of Chagas Disease in the United States". JAMA. 298 (18): 2171–81. doi:10.1001/jama.298.18.2171. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 18000201.
- ^ "Lampit (nifurtimox) tablets, for oral use" (PDF). U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals Inc. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 September 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ^ a b "Lampit: FDA-Approved Drugs". U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 6 August 2020.
- ^ a b c d World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
who
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ Dumas, Michel; Bouteille, Bernard; Buguet, Alain (2013). Progress in Human African Trypanosomiasis, Sleeping Sickness. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 268. ISBN 9782817808574. Archived from the original on 2016-12-20.
- ^ "Trypanosomiasis, human African (sleeping sickness)". World Health Organization. February 2016. Archived from the original on 4 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.