| Nasal fracture | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Broken nose |
 | |
| Plain X-ray showing a nasal fracture | |
| Specialty | Emergency medicine, otorhinolaryngology |
| Symptoms | Nose bleed, swelling, bruising[1][2] |
| Complications | Septal hematoma, other facial fractures, meningitis[1] |
| Usual onset | Young males[3] |
| Causes | Assault, trauma during sports, falls, motor vehicle collisions[1] |
| Diagnostic method | Typically based on symptoms, medical imaging not generally needed[1][4] |
| Treatment | Pain medication, cold compresses, possible reduction post resolution of swelling[1] |
| Prognosis | Generally good[5] |
| Frequency | Common[3] |
A nasal fracture, commonly referred to as a broken nose, is a fracture of one of the bones of the nose.[2] Symptoms may include bleeding, swelling, bruising, and an inability to breathe through the nose.[1][2] They may be complicated by other facial fractures or a septal hematoma.[1]
The most common causes include assault, trauma during sports, falls, and motor vehicle collisions.[1] Diagnosis is typically based on the signs and symptoms; with plain X-ray rarely of benefit.[1][6] CT scan may be useful if concerns of other fractures or complications are present.[6][4]
Treatment is typically with pain medication and cold compresses.[1] Reduction may be needed if there is new obstruction or obvious deformity, but can typically occur after the swelling has come down.[1][4] This can occur 5 to 14 days later.[6][4] Depending on the type of fracture, reduction may be closed or open.[2] Outcomes are generally good.[5]
Nasal fractures are common, comprising about 40% of facial fractures.[1][3] Males in their 20s are most commonly affected.[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Das, D; Salazar, L (April 2017). "Maxillofacial Trauma: Managing Potentially Dangerous And Disfiguring Complex Injuries". Emergency Medicine Practice. 19 (4): 1–24. PMID 28362252.
- ^ a b c d e Kühnel, TS; Reichert, TE (2015). "Trauma of the midface". GMS Current Topics in Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery. 14: Doc06. doi:10.3205/cto000121. PMC 4702055. PMID 26770280.
- ^ a b c Fonseca, Raymond J. (2017). Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery - E-Book: 3-Volume Set (3 ed.). Elsevier Health Sciences. ISBN 9780323444422. Archived from the original on 31 July 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
- ^ a b c d Trujillo, Oscar; Lee, Clara (June 2023). "Nasal Fractures: Acute, Subacute, and Delayed Management". Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. doi:10.1016/j.otc.2023.05.004. PMID 37353368.
- ^ a b Marston, AP; O'Brien, EK; Hamilton GS, 3rd (April 2017). "Nasal Injuries in Sports". Clinics in Sports Medicine. 36 (2): 337–353. doi:10.1016/j.csm.2016.11.004. PMID 28314421.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c Kucik, CJ; Clenney, T; Phelan, J (1 October 2004). "Management of acute nasal fractures". American family physician. 70 (7): 1315–20. PMID 15508543.