 | |
 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Zinacef, Ceftin, others |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a601206 |
| License data |
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| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration | Intramuscular, intravenous, by mouth |
| Drug class | Antibiotic (2nd-generation cephalosporin) |
| Legal status | |
| Legal status |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 37% on an empty stomach, up to 52% if taken after food |
| Elimination half-life | 80 minutes |
| Excretion | Urine 66–100% unchanged |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C16H16N4O8S |
| Molar mass | 424.38 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
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| (verify) | |
Cefuroxime, sold under the brand name Zinacef among others, is an antibiotic used to treat and prevent a number of bacterial infections.[3] These include pneumonia, meningitis, otitis media, sepsis, urinary tract infections, and Lyme disease.[1] It is used by mouth or by injection into a vein or muscle.[1]
Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, allergic reactions, and pain at the site of injection.[1] Serious side effects may include Clostridium difficile infection, anaphylaxis, and Stevens–Johnson syndrome.[1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is believed to be safe.[4] It is a second-generation cephalosporin and works by interfering with a bacteria's ability to make a cell wall resulting in its death.[1]
Cefuroxime was patented in 1971, and approved for medical use in 1977.[5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[6] It is available as a generic medication.[3] A week of treatment when taken by mouth in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £18 as of 2019.[3] In the United States, the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$8.50.[7] In 2017, it was the 342nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than 800 thousand prescriptions.[8]
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f g "Cefuroxime Sodium Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 22 March 2019.
- ^ a b "WHOCC - ATC/DDD Index". www.whocc.no. Archived from the original on 19 July 2021. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
- ^ a b c British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 518. ISBN 9780857113382.
- ^ "Cefuroxime Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ Fischer, Jnos; Ganellin, C. Robin (2006). Analogue-based Drug Discovery. John Wiley & Sons. p. 493. ISBN 9783527607495. Archived from the original on 2 March 2019. Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 6 March 2019. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
- ^ "Cefuroxime - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 19 June 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.