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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Canagliflozin

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Mr. Ibrahem/Canagliflozin
Clinical data
Pronunciation/ˌkænəɡlɪˈfloʊzɪn/ KAN-ə-glif-LOH-zin
Trade namesInvokana, Sulisent, Prominad, others
AHFS/Drugs.comMonograph
MedlinePlusa613033
License data
Routes of
administration		By mouth (tablets)
Drug classSGLT2 inhibitor[1]
Legal status
Legal status
  • AU: S4 (Prescription only)
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
  • US: ℞-only
  • In general: ℞ (Prescription only)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability65%
Protein binding99%
MetabolismLiver glucuronidation
Elimination half-life11.8 (10–13) hours
Excretion53% faecal and 33% kidney
Identifiers
  • (2S,3R,4R,5S,6R)-2-{3-[5-[4-Fluoro-phenyl)-thiophen-2-ylmethyl]-4-methyl-phenyl}-6-hydroxymethyl-tetrahydro-pyran-3,4,5-triol
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC24H25FO5S
Molar mass444.52 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
  • Cc1ccc(cc1Cc2ccc(s2)c3ccc(cc3)F)[C@H]4[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O4)CO)O)O)O
  • InChI=1S/C24H25FO5S/c1-13-2-3-15(24-23(29)22(28)21(27)19(12-26)30-24)10-16(13)11-18-8-9-20(31-18)14-4-6-17(25)7-5-14/h2-10,19,21-24,26-29H,11-12H2,1H3/t19-,21-,22+,23-,24+/m1/s1 ☒N
  • Key:XTNGUQKDFGDXSJ-ZXGKGEBGSA-N ☒N
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)

Canagliflozin, sold under the brand name Invokana among others, is a medication used to treat type 2 diabetes.[1] It is a third-line medication to metformin.[3] It is used together with exercise and diet.[1] It is not recommended in type 1 diabetes.[1] It is taken by mouth.[1]

Common side effects include vaginal yeast infections, nausea, constipation, and urinary tract infections.[1] Serious side effects may include low blood sugar, Fournier's gangrene, leg amputation, kidney problems, high blood potassium, and low blood pressure.[1] Diabetic ketoacidosis may occur despite nearly normal blood sugar levels.[1] Use in pregnancy and breastfeeding is not recommended.[4] Canagliflozin is a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor.[1] It works by increasing the amount of glucose lost in the urine.[1]

Canagliflozin was approved for medical use in the United States in 2013.[1] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines as an alternative to empagliflozin.[5] A month's supply in the United Kingdom costs the NHS about £39 as of 2019.[3] In the United States the wholesale cost of this amount is about US$475.[6] In 2017, it was the 192nd most commonly prescribed medication in the United States, with more than three million prescriptions.[7][8]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Canagliflozin Monograph for Professionals". Drugs.com. American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference WHO2020DDD was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  3. ^ a b British national formulary : BNF 76 (76 ed.). Pharmaceutical Press. 2018. p. 687. ISBN 9780857113382.
  4. ^ "Canagliflozin (Invokana) Use During Pregnancy". Drugs.com. Archived from the original on 6 April 2019. Retrieved 6 April 2019.
  5. ^ World Health Organization (2023). The selection and use of essential medicines 2023: web annex A: World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 23rd list (2023). Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/371090. WHO/MHP/HPS/EML/2023.02.
  6. ^ "NADAC as of 2019-02-27". Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services. Archived from the original on 2019-03-06. Retrieved 3 March 2019.
  7. ^ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
  8. ^ "Canagliflozin - Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 13 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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