 | |
| Clinical data | |
|---|---|
| Trade names | Rochagan, Radanil[1] |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information |
| Routes of administration | by mouth |
| Drug class | Nitroimidazole[2][3] |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | High |
| Metabolism | Liver |
| Elimination half-life | 12 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney and fecal |
| Identifiers | |
| |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C12H12N4O3 |
| Molar mass | 260.253 g·mol−1 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | |
| Melting point | 188.5 to 190 °C (371.3 to 374.0 °F) |
| |
| |
| (verify) | |
Benznidazole is an antiparasitic medication used in the treatment of Chagas disease.[4] While it is highly effective in early disease this decreases in those who have long-term infection.[7] It is the first-line treatment given its moderate side effects compared to nifurtimox.[1] It is taken by mouth.[4]
Side effects are fairly common.[5] They include rash, numbness, fever, muscle pain, loss of appetite, and trouble sleeping.[5][2] Rare side effects include bone marrow suppression which can lead to low blood cell levels.[1][2] It is not recommended during pregnancy or in people with severe liver or kidney disease.[5][7] Benznidazole is in the nitroimidazole family of medication and works by the production of free radicals.[2][3]
Benznidazole came into medical use in 1971.[4] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] It is not commercially available in the United States, but can be obtained from the Centers of Disease Control.[4] As of 2012 Laboratório Farmacêutico do Estado de Pernambuco, a government run pharmaceutical company in Brazil was the only producer.[9]
References
edit- ^ a b c Bern, Caryn; Montgomery, Susan P.; Herwaldt, Barbara L.; Rassi, Anis; Marin-Neto, Jose Antonio; Dantas, Roberto O.; Maguire, James H.; Acquatella, Harry; Morillo, Carlos (2007-11-14). "Evaluation and Treatment of Chagas Disease in the United States: A Systematic Review". JAMA. 298 (18): 2171–81. doi:10.1001/jama.298.18.2171. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 18000201. Archived from the original on 2016-11-07.
- ^ a b c d e Castro, José A.; de Mecca, Maria Montalto; Bartel, Laura C. (2006-08-01). "Toxic side effects of drugs used to treat Chagas' disease (American trypanosomiasis)". Human & Experimental Toxicology. 25 (8): 471–479. doi:10.1191/0960327106het653oa. ISSN 0960-3271. PMID 16937919.
- ^ a b Urbina, Julio A. "Nuevas drogas para el tratamiento etiológico de la Enfermedad de Chagas" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on May 8, 2012. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
- ^ a b c d e "Our Formulary | Infectious Diseases Laboratories | CDC". www.cdc.gov. 22 September 2016. Archived from the original on 16 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ^ a b c d Prevention, CDC - Centers for Disease Control and. "CDC - Chagas Disease - Resources for Health Professionals - Antiparasitic Treatment". www.cdc.gov. Archived from the original on 2016-11-06. Retrieved 2016-11-05.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
whowas invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b "Chagas disease". World Health Organization. March 2016. Archived from the original on 27 February 2014. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
- ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
- ^ "Treatment for Chagas: Enter Supplier Number Two | End the Neglect". endtheneglect.org. 21 March 2012. Archived from the original on 6 November 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.