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User:Mr. Ibrahem/Artemether

< User:Mr. Ibrahem
Mr. Ibrahem/Artemether
Clinical data
Trade namesMany[1]
AHFS/Drugs.comInternational Drug Names
Routes of
administration		Intramuscular[2]
Legal status
Legal status
  • UK: POM (Prescription only)
Identifiers
  • (3R,5aS,6R,8aS,9R,10S,12R,12aR)-10-methoxy-3,6,9-trimethyldecahydro-12H-3,12-epoxy[1,2]dioxepino[4,3-i]-2-benzopyran
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC16H26O5
Molar mass298.374 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)
Melting point86 to 88 °C (187 to 190 °F)
  • C[C@@H]1CC[C@@H]3C42OO[C@](C)(CC[C@@H]12)O[C@H]4O[C@H](OC)[C@@H]3C
  • InChI=1S/C16H26O5/c1-9-5-6-12-10(2)13(17-4)18-14-16(12)11(9)7-8-15(3,19-14)20-21-16/h9-14H,5-8H2,1-4H3/t9-,10-,11+,12+,13+,14-,15-,16-/m1/s1 checkY
  • Key:SXYIRMFQILZOAM-HVNFFKDJSA-N checkY
 ☒NcheckY (what is this?)  (verify)

Artemether is a medication used for the treatment of malaria.[2] The injectable form is specifically used for severe malaria rather than quinine.[2] In adults, it may not be as effective as artesunate.[2] It is given by injection in a muscle.[2] It is also available by mouth in combination with lumefantrine, known as artemether/lumefantrine.[4][5]

Artemether causes relatively few side effects.[6] An irregular heartbeat may rarely occur.[6] While there is evidence that use during pregnancy may be harmful in animals, there is no evidence of concern in humans.[6] The World Health Organization (WHO) therefore recommends its use during pregnancy.[6] It is in the artemisinin class of medication.[6]

Artemether has been studied since at least 1981, and been in medical use since 1987.[7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines.[8] The wholesale cost in the developing world is between US$0.38 and US$16.47 per vial.[9] The combination form costs between US$100 and US$200 for a course of treatment in the United States.[10]

References

edit
  1. ^ "Artemether - Drugs.com". www.drugs.com. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e Esu, Ekpereonne B.; Effa, Emmanuel E.; Opie, Oko N.; Meremikwu, Martin M. (18 June 2019). "Artemether for severe malaria". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 6: CD010678. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010678.pub3. ISSN 1469-493X. PMC 6580442. PMID 31210357.
  3. ^ Cite error: The named reference who was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  4. ^ "Artemether and Lumefantrine". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 28 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Coartem- artemether and lumefantrine tablet". DailyMed. 5 August 2019. Archived from the original on 26 July 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e Kovacs, SD; Rijken, MJ; Stergachis, A (February 2015). "Treating severe malaria in pregnancy: a review of the evidence". Drug Safety. 38 (2): 165–81. doi:10.1007/s40264-014-0261-9. PMC 4328128. PMID 25556421.
  7. ^ Rao, Yi; Zhang, Daqing; Li, Runhong (2016). Tu Youyou and the Discovery of Artemisinin: 2015 Nobel Laureate in Physiology or Medicine. World Scientific. p. 162. ISBN 9789813109919. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.
  8. ^ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  9. ^ "Artemether". International Drug Price Indicator Guide. Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 1 January 2016.
  10. ^ Hamilton, Richart (2015). Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia 2015 Deluxe Lab-Coat Edition. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 45. ISBN 9781284057560.
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