The
Chalukya dynasty (
Kannada:
ಚಾಲುಕ್ಯರು,
IPA: [ʧaːɭukjə]) was an
Indian royal dynasty that ruled large parts of
southern and
central India between the
6th and the
12th centuries. During this period, they ruled as three closely related, but individual dynasties. The earliest dynasty is known as the
Badami Chalukyas who ruled from their capital
Badami from the middle of the 6th century. The Badami Chalukyas began to assert their independence at the decline of the
Kadamba kingdom of
Banavasi and rapidly rose to prominence during the reign of
Pulakesi II. The other two later dynasties were the
Eastern Chalukyas who ruled from
Vengi and
Western Chalukyas who ruled from
Basavakalyan. The rise of the Chalukyas marks an important milestone in the history of South India and a golden age in the history of
Karnataka. This period saw the birth of efficient administration, rise in overseas trade and commerce and the development of new style of architecture called
Vesara. Around the 9th century, it also saw the growth of
Kannada as a language of literature in the
Jaina Puranas,
Veerashaiva Vachanas and
Brahminical traditions. Kannada literary works from the time of Badami Chalukyas (7th century) have been referenced in later literature. The 11th century saw the birth of
Telugu literature under the patronage of the Eastern Chalukyas.
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