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雞[1]的性別決定系統為ZW性別決定系統。一般來說，典型家雞的毛色都是棕色。當中雄性毛色偏向於有光澤的深紅色，且尾部的羽毛顏色一般呈深綠色、深藍色等較為鮮艷的顏色，同時這些尾部的羽毛較長並呈下垂狀；母雞的體色則較單調，羽毛沒有光澤，尾部羽毛較短，沒有雄雞的鮮艷羽毛。在體形上，雄雞比母雞稍大，而母雞在整體上較雄雞稍胖。
雞的奔跑能力很強，但由於翅膀較一般鳥類短小，故飛行能力較為薄弱，僅能短暫且低空飛行。成年後的雞頭上至下喙都長有火焰形狀的肉冠，當中雄雞的肉冠較大顏色較紅，母雞則肉冠較小顏色較淡。剛出生的幼雞呈純黃色，或帶有深楬色、灰色斑紋的絨毛。長大後會慢慢長出羽毛取代絨毛。