Historical development edit
"After the Bruce invasion a new wave of liberty creation" [Otway-Ruthven p174]
- 1 Dublin county before 1190s [Otway-Ruthven p173]
- Meath 1172 Hugh de Lacy [Otway-Ruthven p181] liberty; 1210-15 king [Otway-Ruthven p174]; 1215 I guess liberty again
- first division 1241 "The lands of Margaret did not obtain liberty rights, whereas Geoffrey and Matilda were granted liberty rights in 1254, along with the castle of Trim which the king had previously retained"
- Kells liberty / "lands of de Verdon"[Otway-Ruthven p174], suppressed by Robert Ufford a few years after 1276, subsumed into Dublin by 1280 [Prestwich p202] > Meath county 1297 [Prestwich p210] became a shire 1297 [Otway-Ruthven p174]; Merged with Trim 1330 [Hand p124]
- Trim liberty 1254, 1297; only liberty to enjoy 4 reserved pleas [Prestwich p202] seized 1293-1302 [Prestwich p211]
- 11 Meath alone by 1460
- 12 Westmeath 1542
- first division 1241 "The lands of Margaret did not obtain liberty rights, whereas Geoffrey and Matilda were granted liberty rights in 1254, along with the castle of Trim which the king had previously retained"
- Waterford and Cork joint sheriff by 1207-8 [Otway-Ruthven p173]
- 2 Waterford county by 1297
- Waterford county of the city 1574 > county borough 1898 > city 2001
- 3 Cork by 1297
- county of Youghal 1606 (stillborn; fn.1
- Cork county of the city 1608 > county borough 1898 > city 2001
- East and West ridings for quarter sessions 1823
- 2 Waterford county by 1297
- Munster c.1210 Tipp & Lim separate court 1235, sheriff 1251-4 [Otway-Ruthven p173]
- 4 Tipperary county by 1254, 1297 > liberty in 1328 [Otway-Ruthven p175] ,1460 > county in 1716
- Cross Tipperary > extinguished 1621/1716
- North Tipperary riding 1838, county 2001
- South Tipperary riding 1838, county 2001
- 5 Limerick by 1254, 1297, nominal by 1460
- Limerick county of the city 1609 > county borough 1898 > city 2001
- 4 Tipperary county by 1254, 1297 > liberty in 1328 [Otway-Ruthven p175] ,1460 > county in 1716
- Leinster liberty c.1172 [Otway-Ruthven p181] > split by 1297 apparently these liberties were prev "counties" of the undiv lib of Leinster [Otway-Ruthven p185-6]
- 7 Kildare [c.1278 confiscated by Robert Ufford from Agnes de Vescy Prestwich p202] liberty in 1297, became a shire 1297 [Otway-Ruthven p174] > confiscated from William de Vescy ?by 1314? [Prestwich p203] liberty 1317, county 1345 [Otway-Ruthven p174]
- 8 Kilkenny liberty in 1297 [Prestwich p204, seized temp 1297-1303] ,1460 > county
- Kilkenny county of the city 1610 > 1898
- 9 Wexford liberty in 1297,1460 [Prestwich p203-4 seized from de Valence c.1280, c.1302] > county
- Ferns liberty 1578-1590
- 10 Carlow liberty in 1297 [Prestwich p203: seized 1284-5, 1299, 1301; ext 1306-12] > reverted crown & county 1306 [Otway-Ruthven p174] liberty 1312 but "much in the king's hand" in 14C [Otway-Ruthven p174]
- Ulster liberty de Courcy some later date than 1172 [Otway-Ruthven p181]; liberty 1205 de Lacy the younger [Otway-Ruthven p182] king 1210-27 [Otway-Ruthven p174] liberty in [1226],1297,1460
- 13 Uriel/Louth county by 1233, prob 1227 [Otway-Ruthven p174;], 1297 > liberty John de Bermingham 1318, lapsed 1328 [Otway-Ruthven p174]; Roger Mortimer lib 1331 just [Otway-Ruthven p175] county in 1460
- Drogheda county of the town 1412 > 1898
- bailiwicks 1226, counties 1297, 1333 "It would seem that this [1226] account did not include Coleraine and the Twescard (Tuaisceart), or the northern part of the present county of Antrim":
- Antrim "The "County of Antrim" probably included the whole district between the Twescard and the Co. of Carrickfergus."
- Carrickfergus excepting the vill "The county of Carrickfergus, with which we commence, comprised approximately the present baronies of Upper Glenarm, Carrickfergus, Upper and Lower Belfast, and Upper and Lower Massereene."
- Carrickfergus vill [?> county of the town 1326?]
- Ladcathel [Lecale] 1226 > Down(patrick) 1297, 1333
- Newtown(ards) [county 1297, 1333]
- del Art [Ards] 1226 [bailiwick; was it a subdiv of Newtown in both 1226 and 1297, or merged into it between 1226 and 1297?]
- Blathewyc 1226 [ui Blaithmaic now the baronies of Lower Castlereagh and Lower Ards] same query as Ards
- Twescard [lords of Galloway in John de Courcy's time] > Coulrath Coleraine 1297, 1333
- replaced (if not previously extinct) 1570:
- 14 Antrim
- Belfast county borough 1898
- 15 Down 1570
- Carrickfergus county of town ["by 1326", presumably bailiwick] > 1898
- 14 Antrim
- 13 Uriel/Louth county by 1233, prob 1227 [Otway-Ruthven p174;], 1297 > liberty John de Bermingham 1318, lapsed 1328 [Otway-Ruthven p174]; Roger Mortimer lib 1331 just [Otway-Ruthven p175] county in 1460
- 6 Kerry by 1233 [Otway-Ruthven p173], 1297; liberty 1329 "till the ruin of the Desmonds in the 16C" [Otway-Ruthven p175]
- Desmond liberty 1571-1606
- Connacht by 1247 [Otway-Ruthven p173], 1297
- 27 Roscommon separate by 1292 [Otway-Ruthven p173], 1297, gone by 1460, back 1570
- 28 Galway 1570
- Galway town 16?? > 1898; 1985 county borough > city 2001
- East and West ridings for quarter sessions 18??
- 29 Sligo 1570
- 30 Mayo 1570 "when Mayo was constituted a County and divided into Baronies, which was first done (on paper) by Sir Edward Pytton, President of Connaught, on the 27th August 1570, Sir Henry Sydney being then Lord Deputy of Ireland."[1]
- 31 Leitrim 1570
- 18 Thomond "short-lived liberty" [Prestwich p202] 1276 > Clare 1570
- 16 King's 1556 > Offaly 192x?
- 17 Queen's 1556 > Laois 192x?
- 19 Longford 1570
- 20 Armagh 1571-?
- 21 Cavan 1579-83
- 22 Donegal 1585
- 23 Monaghan 1587
- 24 Fermanagh 1588
- 25 Tyrone 1591
- 26 Coleraine 1603 > Londonderry 1613
- Londonderry county borough 1898
- 32 Wicklow 1606
liberties excluded as crossland only churchland at time of grant, not later additions [no word on reductions] [Otway-Ruthven p183]. Orig subject to tax, hence rep in parliament, unlike Eng palatines [p184]
Crosslands edit
[Otway-Ruthven p175]
- to 1297: all administered by Dublin sheriff
- 1297: new county of Meath includes lib Trim crosslands; all Ulster crosslands get own sheriff
- "By reign Edw3" -- each lib' crosslands has sheriff
References edit
Prestwich, Michael (2008-06-19). "The liberties of Ireland in the reign of Edward the First". Liberties and Identities in the Medieval British Isles. Boydell Press. pp. 200–. ISBN 9781843833741. Retrieved 11 July 2012. Otway-Ruthven, Annette Jocelyn (1980). A History of Medieval Ireland. E. Benn. pp. 181–. ISBN 9780510278007. Retrieved 11 July 2012.