- Aabenraa: Apenrade (German)
- Aachen: Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch)
- Aarhus: Aarhaus (German)
- Abbeville: Abbatis Villa (Latin)
Aberdeen Obar Dheathain (Scottish Gaelic)- Adjud: Egyedhalma (Hungarian)
- Aiud: Brucla (Latin), Nagyenyed (Hungarian), Strassburg am Mieresch (German)
- Aix-en-Provence: Aquae Sextiae (Latin)
- Aix-les-Bains: Aquae Gratianae (Latin)
Ajaccio: Adiacium (Latin)
Alba Iulia: Apulon (Dacian), Apulum (Latin), Balgrad (Serbian), Erdel Belgradi (Turkish), Gyulafehervar (Hungarian), Karlsburg (German), Weissenburg (German)
Albacete: Al-Basit (Arabic)- Alexandroupoli: Alessandropoli (Italian), Alexandropolis (Latin), Dedeağaç (Turkish)
Algeciras: Al-Jazeera Al-Khudra (Arabic),- Alghero: Alighera (Sardinian), L'Alguer (Catalan)
Alicante: Al-Laqant (Arabic), Lucentum (Latin)
Almería: Al-Mariyya (Arabic), Urci (Latin)
Alytus: Alitten (German), Olita (Polish, Russian)
Astrakhan: Xacitarxan (Tatar)- Athens: Atene (Italian), Athenae (Latin), Atina (Turkish)
- Mstsislaw: Mścisław (Polish), Mstsislavl (Russian), Mstislavlis (Lithuanian)
Rijeka: Fiume (Italian)
