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Prevalence/ Incidence

Exertional Rhabdomyolysis (ER) is the breakdown of muscle from extreme physical exertion. It is one of many types of Rhabdomyolysis that can occur and because of this the exact prevalence and incidence are unclear. Awareness of the issue is low among both athletes and coaches, raising awareness of the disease and its risk factors can help reduce incidence.

Risk Factors

ER is more likely to occur when strenuous exercise is performed under certain conditions such as high temperatures and humidity ^[1]. Poor hydration levels before, during, and after these strenuous bouts of exercise have also been reported to lead to ER ^[2] This condition and its signs and symptoms are not well known amongst the sport and fitness community and because of this it is believed that the incidence is greater but highly underreported ^[3]

Risks that lead to ER include exercise in hot and humid conditions, improper hydration, inadequate recovery between bouts of exercise, intense physical training, and inadequate fitness levels for beginning high intensity workouts ^[4]. Dehydration is one of the biggest factors that can give almost immediate feedback from the body by producing very dark colored urine ^[5].

Cost

Actual cost for this recovery is unknown and also dependent of the level of the condition. In some cases ER can lead to acute renal failure and bring medical costs up due to the need for hemodialysis for recovery/ treatment ^[6].

^ Huerta-Alardin, Ana L., Joseph Varon, and Paul E. Marik. "Bench-to-bedside: Rhabdomyolysis." Journal of Critical Care 9 (2005): 158-69. Print.
^ Clarkson, Priscilla M. "Exertional Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure in Marathon Runners." Sports Medicine 37.4 (2007): 361-63. Print.
^ Clarkson, Priscilla M. "Exertional Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure in Marathon Runners." Sports Medicine 37.4 (2007): 361-63. Print.
^ Line, Robin L., and George S. Rust. "Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis. N.p., Aug. 1995. Web. 22 Jan. 2014. <http://www.drplace.com/Acute_exertional_rhabdomyolysis.16.21440.htm>.
^ Demos, M. A., E. L. Gitin, and L. J. Kagen. "Exercise Myoglobinemia and Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Archives of Internal Medicine 134.4 (1974): 669-73. Print.
^ Demos, M. A., E. L. Gitin, and L. J. Kagen. "Exercise Myoglobinemia and Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Archives of Internal Medicine 134.4 (1974): 669-73. Print.

[1] Huerta-Alardin, Ana L., Joseph Varon, and Paul E. Marik. "Bench-to-bedside: Rhabdomyolysis." Journal of Critical Care 9 (2005): 158-69. Print.

[2] Clarkson, Priscilla M. "Exertional Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure in Marathon Runners." Sports Medicine 37.4 (2007): 361-63. Print.

[3] Clarkson, Priscilla M. "Exertional Rhabdomyolysis and Acute Renal Failure in Marathon Runners." Sports Medicine 37.4 (2007): 361-63. Print.

[4] Line, Robin L., and George S. Rust. "Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis. N.p., Aug. 1995. Web. 22 Jan. 2014. <http://www.drplace.com/Acute_exertional_rhabdomyolysis.16.21440.htm>.

[5] Demos, M. A., E. L. Gitin, and L. J. Kagen. "Exercise Myoglobinemia and Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Archives of Internal Medicine 134.4 (1974): 669-73. Print.

[6] Demos, M. A., E. L. Gitin, and L. J. Kagen. "Exercise Myoglobinemia and Acute Exertional Rhabdomyolysis." Archives of Internal Medicine 134.4 (1974): 669-73. Print.

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