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101 of the 707 seats to the House of Commons | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results of the 1910 election in Ireland. Cork City was a two-seat constituency, in this case both seats were won by the All-for Ireland League. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The Irish componant of the December 1910 UK general election took place between 3 and 19 December, concurrently with the polls in Great Britain. Though the national result was a deadlock between the Conservatives and the Liberals, the result in Ireland was, as was the trend by now, a large victory for the Irish Parliamentary Party. The IPP supported the Liberals to form a government after the election. This was to be the party's last victory, however. Due to the outbreak of World War I in 1914, the next general election would not be held until 1918, by which time events both in Ireland and Britain and outside would conspire to see the rise of a new nationalist party, Sinn Féin, and the subsequent demise of the IPP.
It was the government formed by this election which brought in the final, fourth Home Rule bill in 1914. The outbreak of the war led to its delay and eventual abandonment in response to the rise of Sinn Féin.
Summary edit
The Irish Parliamentary Party under John Redmond continued the run of success it had enjoyed since the 1880s, winning most seats in Leinster, Munster and Connacht. In Ulster, the Conservative and Liberal Unionist alliance continued to dominate, while the Liberals retained their single seat in North Tyrone. The other party to win seats was the All-for-Ireland League, which lost two seats in Counties Louth and Mayo but gained two in County Cork, effectively isolating it to that county; meanwhile Independent Nationalists won seats in South Monaghan and North Westmeath.
Though they had been electorally allied for decades, the Liberal Unionists officially merged with the Conservatives in 1912.
The war caused an unprecedented eight-year gap between this election and the next one. As a result, a large number of by-elections were held over the parliament's term. 1917 saw the first electoral victory for a new nationalist party, Sinn Féin, which won its first seat in the Roscommon North by-election of February 1917. The party would gain more seats in further by-elections, precipitating its landslide victory over the I.P.P. in the 1918 general election. Among the Sinn Féin MPs elected during this time were future Taoiseach and President of Ireland Eamon de Valera and future President of the Executive Council W. T. Cosgrave. Sinn Féin's cause was not Home Rule but rather complete independence for an Irish republic. The party and its members had been heavily involved in the Easter Rising of 1916, in which an unofficial republic had been declared. Its elected MPs operated by a policy of abstentionism from Westminster. Sinn Féin would use its success in the next election to form its own extra-legal parliament, Dáil Eireann in Dublin.
The Dublin College Green by-election of June 1915 saw the first electoral outing of the Irish Labour Party, founded two years previous by James Connolly and James Larkin. The party lost out to the IPP, and did not contest another election until the 1922 Irish general election.
Results edit
Membership changes edit
Below is a list of seats which changed parties in by-elections held between this general election and the next. For a full list of by-election results for this time, see List of UK by-election results in Ireland.
| Winner | Party | Constituency | Date | Parliament | Outgoing | Party | Reason for vacancy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| David C Hogg | Lib | Londonderry City | 30 January 1913 | James Hamilton | Con | Hamilton succeeds as Duke of Abercorn | |||
| Edward J. Graham | Independent Nationalist | K. C. Tullamore | 8 December 1914 | Edmund Haviland Burke | IPP | Death of Burke | |||
| James Cosgrave | Independent Nationalist | Galway East | 8 December 1914 | John Roche | IPP | Death of Roche | |||
| Daniel L. O'Leary | IPP | Cork West | 16 November 1916 | James Gilhooly | AFI | Death of Gilhooly | |||
| Count Plunkett | SF | Roscommon North | 3 February 1917 | James J. O'Kelly | IPP | Death of O'Kelly | |||
| Joseph McGuinness | SF | Longford South | 9 May 1917 | John Phillips | IPP | Death of Phillips | |||
| Eamon de Valera | SF | Clare East | 10 July 1917 | William H. K. Redmond | IPP | Death of Redmond | |||
| W. T. Cosgrave | SF | Kilkenny City | 10 August 1917 | Patrick O'Brien | IPP | Death of O'Brien | |||
| Patrick McCartan | SF | K. C. Tullamore | 19 April 1918 | Edward J. Graham | IPP | Death of Graham | |||
| Arthur Griffith | SF | Cavan East | 20 June 1918 | Samuel Young | IPP | Death of Young |
See also edit
Further reading edit
- Brian Walker, Parliamentary Election Results in Ireland, 1801–1922
