Article: Sexism in American Politics
---------------------------------------------
Definition of Sexism: the descrimination between persons based on sex or percieved gender identity.
This article with discuss the cultural, social, and political effects of gender and sex descriminations of individuals within the public and political spheres of American society, taking in account for both male and female descriminations and presures of gender expectations, as well as the effects on those persons of LGTBQA gender identities.
Such descrimination can be seen in a variety of social, cultural, and political forms within the United States. Within American elections in particular, candidates of both sexes and also of a variaty of gender identities find themselves subject to the presures and cultural expectations and judgements thereto. Both men and women, straight or LGTBQA, face certain levels descrimination if such gender expectations are not met. Prime examples of such descrimitory rhetoric and gender expectations were demonstrated in a number of elections, most notably Sarah Palin's presidential campaign in 2012, and the recent Donald Trump v. Hillary Clinton election of 2016.
°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°°
Bibliography
---------------------------------------------
Hillary Clinton's Race for the White House: Gender Politics and the Media on the Campaign Trail by Regina G. Lawrence, Melody Rose Review by: Tracy Osborn. URL: https://www.jstor.org/stable/23327101?seq=1#page_scan_tab_contents
Hillary Clinton in the News: Gender and Authenticity in American Politics. URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5406/j.ctt7zw5x0
Frazer, Raiesa. Sexism in Politics 2016: What can we learn so far from media portrayals of Hillary Clinton and Latin American female leaders? (June 2016) Research Associate at the Council on Hemispheric Affairs. URL: http://www.coha.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Sexism-in-Politics-COHA-Template.pdf
Voth, Ben. Ain't I a Woman?: The Political Economy of Sexism and Racism. (21. October, 2016) American Thinker. URL: http://www.americanthinker.com/articles/2016/10/aint_i_a_woman_the_political_economy_of_sexism_and_racism.html
Messner, Michael A. Politics of Masculinities: Men in Movements. (2000) AltaMira Press. URL: https://books.google.de/books?hl=de&lr=&id=EfyxAAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PP1&dq=articles+on+sexism+in+politics&ots=peQVRuc0tL&sig=45mZUIPZvdrauMQEKZOLg89kkVQ#v=onepage&q=articles%20on%20sexism%20in%20politics&f=false
Fraser, Nancy. Feminist Politics in the Age of Recognition: A Two-Dimensional Approach to Gender Justice (2007) New School for Social Research. URL: http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315926632?pq-origsite=gscholar
Trimble, L. (2016) ‘Julia Gillard and the Gender Wars’, Politics & Gender, 12(2), pp. 296–316. doi: 10.1017/S1743923X16000155. URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/politics-and-gender/article/julia-gillard-and-the-gender-wars/37371D8AAECB87F9C41B7874075A3E9B/core-reader