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Storms edit

32 tropical depressions formed this year in the Western Pacific, of which 28 became tropical storms. 15 storms reached typhoon intensity, of which 1 reached super typhoon strength. Many of the storms either remained at sea or failed to do any damage.

Tropical Storm Nadine edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
  
DurationJanuary 6 – January 13
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
973 hPa (mbar)

Early in 1978, a tropical disturbance formed north of the island of Tarawa.[1] The disturbance slowly organized itself and became a tropical depression late on January 6 while southwest of Kwajalein Atoll.[1] On January 8, the tropical depression made a sharp curve to the east and then to the west as it organized into the first tropical storm of the season and was named Nadine while the system was southwest of Eniwetok Atoll.[1] Nadine began it's re-curvature on January 11 as it continued to gather strength.[2] Nadine reached it's peak strength of 70 mph (112 km/h) during the afternoon hours of January 12 as it sped past Wake Island.[2][1] Early on January 13, Nadine became extratropical. The extratropical remnants dissipated later that same day as they continued to speed north.[1]

Typhoon Olive (Atang) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
  
DurationApril 17 – April 26
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min);
955 hPa (mbar)

During early April 1978, a surface circulation was noted in the near-equatorial-trough.[3]Weak anti-cyclonic outflow was first noted near the surface circulation during the 13th and persisted for the next two days.[3] By April 16, the satellite imagery showed organization and a tropical cyclone formation alert was issued.[3] Early on April 17, the system which was still poorly defined strengthened into the second tropical depression of the season.[3] On the 18th, an aircraft fix found that the system was near tropical storm strength and had a pressure of 1001 mbar (hPa) 29.56 inches).[3] Later that same day, the tropical depression was upgraded to a tropical storm and named Olive.[4] The system continued to strengthen as it traveled westward, toward the Philippines.[3] On April 20, Olive passed through the Leyte Gulf with winds of 70 mph (112 km/h).[3] [4] As Olive crossed the central Philippines, it weakened to have winds of 50 mph (80 km/h) .[3] [4] Upper level outflow remained good and Olive exited the Philippines and emerged into the South China Sea late on the 20th. Olive quickly strengthened in the warm waters of the tropical sea and reached typhoon intensity early on April 22.[4] Olive reached it's peak intensity of 100 mph (160 km/h) on April 23 and retained that intensity for 36 hours.[4] After losing peak strength late on April 24 north of the island of Luzon, Olive rapidly lost strength as it traveled over cooler waters. Olive became extratropical in the cold waters in the Central-West-North Pacific late on April 26.[4] The extratropical cyclone dissipated the next day while southwest of Iwo Jima (Iwo To). Any impact that Olive had on the Philippines is unknown.

Tropical Storm Polly (Bising) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
  
DurationJune 14 – June 20
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

On June 13, a tropical disturbance formed southwest of Iwo Jima (Iwo To).[1] [5] It quickly organized and early on June 14, the JTWC designated the disturbance as a tropical depression.[1][5] After heading northward for the rest of the day, it reversed its course and began to head southward early on June 15.[5][1] After looping the next day it continued on a northwest course until June 18.[1][5] It then looped again and finally strengthened into a tropical storm and named Polly.[5][1] The storm was now strengthening and heading northward to begin its re-curvature.[5][1] On June 19, just as the storm was nearing the Japanese coast, it reached its peak intensity of 60 mph (95 km/h).[5][1] A slightly weaker storm made landfall on the Japanese island of Kyushu the next day and quickly became extratropical.[5][1] As an extratropical cyclone, it was tracked to near the International Date Line.[6] Any damage from Polly in Japan is unknown.

Tropical Storm Rose (Klaring) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
  
DurationJune 22 – June 24
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
993 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Shirley (Deling) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
  
DurationJune 27 – June 30
Peak intensity65 km/h (40 mph) (1-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Trix edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 12 – July 22
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min);
967 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Virginia edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 22 – August 2
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min);
972 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Wendy edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 23 – August 3
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min);
962 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Agnes edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationJuly 24 – July 30
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Agnes formed on July 24, made a complete loop, and struck China on July 29 with winds of 55 mph after peaking at 60 mph.[7] It dissipated the 30th. In Hong Kong Tropical Storm Agnes killed 3 people.[8]

Tropical Storm Bonnie edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 9 – August 12
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
984 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Carmen edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 10 – August 20
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (1-min);
961 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Della (Heling) edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 10 – August 13
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (1-min);
984 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 14W edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
  
DurationAugust 18 – August 20
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
991 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Elaine (Iliang) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 21 – August 28
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
970 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Faye edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 3 typhoon (SSHWS)
  
DurationAugust 26 – September 7
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (1-min);
936 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Gloria edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 29 – August 31
Peak intensity75 km/h (45 mph) (1-min);
990 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Hester edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationAugust 28 – September 1
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
987 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Irma (Ruping) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
  
DurationSeptember 11 – September 15
Peak intensity120 km/h (75 mph) (1-min);
972 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Judy edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 11 – September 17
Peak intensity165 km/h (105 mph) (1-min);
950 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Kit (Uding) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 21 – September 26
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (1-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Lola (Weling) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 24 – October 2
Peak intensity140 km/h (85 mph) (1-min);
963 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Mamie edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 1 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationSeptember 29 – October 4
Peak intensity130 km/h (80 mph) (1-min);
963 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Nina (Yaning) edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 7 – October 17
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
981 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Ora (Aning) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 9 – October 15
Peak intensity155 km/h (100 mph) (1-min);
944 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 26W edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 10 – October 12
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);
998 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 27W edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
  
DurationOctober 15 – October 16
Peak intensity35 km/h (25 mph) (1-min);
1003 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Phyllis edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 2 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 15 – October 22
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (1-min);
953 hPa (mbar)

Super Typhoon Rita (Kading) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 5 super typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationOctober 16 – October 29
Peak intensity280 km/h (175 mph) (1-min);
878 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 28 developed October 15. Three and a half days later, it strengthened into a tropical storm. Rita became a typhoon late on October 19. Rita reached Category 5 status on October 23, reaching a minimum central pressure of 878 millibars, only 8 mb higher than Typhoon Tip's record set in 1979. After spending over three consecutive days at that intensity, Rita weakened to a Category 4 and smashed ashore on Luzon. Rita stayed a typhoon during its entire passage over the Philippines and emerged into the South China Sea as a minimal typhoon. Rita then decayed slowly and dissipated as a depression near the coast of Vietnam. The typhoon caused considerable damage and loss of life in the Philippines, though exact numbers are unknown.

JMA Tropical Storm 27 edit

Tropical storm (JMA)
  
DurationNovember 2 – November 3
Peak intensity85 km/h (50 mph) (10-min);
992 hPa (mbar)

This storm was only monitered by JMA.

Tropical Storm Tess edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 1 – November 6
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (1-min);
975 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Depression 32W edit

Tropical depression (SSHWS)
  
DurationNovember 16 – November 19
Peak intensity45 km/h (30 mph) (1-min);
1002 hPa (mbar)

Typhoon Viola (Esang) edit

Typhoon (JMA)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 17 – November 24
Peak intensity230 km/h (145 mph) (1-min);
911 hPa (mbar)

Tropical Storm Winnie edit

Severe tropical storm (JMA)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationNovember 27 – November 30
Peak intensity100 km/h (65 mph) (1-min);
977 hPa (mbar)

Winnie formed on November 25. It reached a peak of 65 mph winds before its end on November 30.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Tropical Storms Nadine, Polly, and Rose" (PDF). JTWC. Retrieved 2009-01-11.
  2. ^ a b "Tropical Storm Nadine Best Track". UNISYS. Retrieved 2009-01-11.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h "Typhoon Olive Report" (PDF). JTWC. Retrieved 2009-01-12.
  4. ^ a b c d e f "Typhoon Olive Best Track". UNISYS. Retrieved 2009-01-12.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h "Tropical Storm Polly Best Track". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  6. ^ "Japan Meteorological Agency Best Track 1976-80". Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved 2009-07-04.
  7. ^ 1978 ATCR TABLE OF CONTENTS
  8. ^ Historical Information
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