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35 of the 100 seats in the United States Senate 51[a] seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 2022 United States Senate elections were held on November 8, 2022, concurrently with the midterm elections at the federal, state, and local level, including the 2022 U.S. House of Representatives elections. Regularly scheduled elections were held for 34 of the 100 seats in the U.S. Senate, the winners of which will serve six-year terms in the U.S. Congress from January 3, 2023, to January 3, 2029, starting with the 118th United States Congress. One special election was also held to complete an unexpired term ending January 3, 2027.
Senators are divided into three classes whose terms are staggered so that a different class is elected every two years. All 34 Class 3 Senate seats, last elected in 2016, were up for election in 2022; prior to the elections, Class 3 consisted of 13 Democrats and 21 Republicans. One special election was also concurrently held in Oklahoma, to serve the four remaining years of resigning senator Jim Inhofe's term. Five Republican senators, Richard Shelby (Alabama), Chuck Grassley (Iowa), Roy Blunt (Missouri), Richard Burr (North Carolina), Rob Portman (Ohio), and Pat Toomey (Pennsylvania), as well as one Democratic senator, Patrick Leahy (Vermont), did not seek re-election; 15 Republicans and 12 Democrats ran for re-election. The winners of these elections will serve beginning in the 118th U.S. Congress. Prior to the elections, Republicans had held a majority in the Senate since January 3, 2015.
Democrats gained seven seats, defeating two incumbents: Ron Johnson lost to Mandela Barnes in Wisconsin and Kelly Loeffler lost to Raphael Warnock in Georgia in a rematch of the 2020 special election. In addition, they won open seats in Iowa, Missouri, North Carolina, Ohio, and Pennsylvania. In Utah, Independent Evan McMullin defeated incumbent Mike Lee.
- ^ Majority control in an evenly divided Senate is determined by the Vice President of the United States, who has the power to break tied votes in their constitutional capacity as President of the Senate. Accordingly, Senate control requires 51 seats without control of the vice presidency or 50 seats with control of the vice presidency.
- ^ a b Independent senators Angus King and Bernie Sanders caucused with Democrats.