|
|
Bilabial
|
Alveolar
|
Palatal
|
Velar
|
Glottal
|
| Nasal
|
m
|
n
|
ɲ
|
ŋ
|
|
|
|
Voiceless
|
p
|
t
|
|
k
|
ʔ
|
| Plosive
|
Voiced
|
b
|
d̠
|
ɟ
|
ɡ
|
|
|
|
Implosive
|
ɓ
|
ɗ
|
ʄ
|
|
|
| Affricate
|
|
(t͡ʃ)
|
|
|
|
| Trill
|
|
r
|
|
|
|
| Fricative
|
|
(s)
|
|
|
h
|
| Lateral
|
|
l̺
|
|
|
|
| Approximant
|
w
|
|
j
|
|
|
Western Yugur
edit
- To the left in the cell: notation found in Roos (2010).
- In the center: IPA values.
- To the right: proposed orthography for Wiktionary. The caron ˇ stands for palatalization; accent ◌̀ /◌́ is placed over the preceding/following vowel and stands for aspiration. The direction of the upper end of the accent is indicating where the ʰ should be (pre- or postaspiration). This is reduntant from the phonemic point of view, but will enable the construction of an automatic IPA-module. For this purpose, <h> cannot be used for aspiration, since there is also a phonemic /h/.
- If only one character is found in a cell, then all three are identical
Sample words
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s̯ in s̯oɣïl stands for voiceless palatal fricative (see the thumbnail in the table above) which is represented by LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CURL used in Roos (2010) and which cannot be represented here using Unicode.
| Roos (2010)
|
IPA
|
Proposed
|
Gloss
|
| pïʰtïr
|
pɯʰtɯr
|
pítır
|
'last year'
|
| iʰt
|
iʰt
|
i̇́t
|
'meat'
|
| kʰip
|
kʰip
|
ki̇̀p
|
'custom'
|
| aʰti
|
ɑʰti
|
áti
|
'small'
|
| iʰtikti=
|
iʰtikti
|
i̇́tikti
|
'to carry in one's shirt'
|
| eʰt=
|
eʰt
|
ét
|
'to arrive'
|
| sen
|
sen
|
sen
|
'you'
|
| pezïk
|
pezɯk
|
pezık
|
'big'
|
| temïr
|
temɯr
|
temır
|
'iron'
|
| c̨ʰoke=
|
ʈ͡ʂʰoke
|
çòke
|
'to sit'
|
| semen
|
semen
|
semen
|
'food'
|
| tʰeke
|
tʰeke
|
tèke
|
'male goat'
|
| kʰeleke
|
kʰeleke
|
kèleke
|
'shade'
|
| tʰeŋïlïk
|
tʰeŋɯlɯk
|
tèñılık
|
'blind'
|
| pʰeɣ
|
pʰeɣ
|
pèğ
|
'chief'
|
| ezer
|
ezer
|
ezer
|
'saddle'
|
| ewer
|
ewer
|
ewer
|
'ghost'
|
| nɑɣʂe
|
nɑɣʂe
|
nağşe
|
'what to do?'
|
| kuziɣï
|
kuziɣɯ
|
kuziğı
|
'husband'
|
| tɑʰqï
|
tɑʰqɯ
|
táqı
|
'yet'
|
| qïʰrq=
|
qɯʰrq
|
qírq
|
'to shave'
|
| qïʰqïr=
|
qɯʰqɯr
|
qíqır
|
'to shout'
|
| iʰɕinti
|
iʰc͡çinti
|
i̇́činti
|
'in it'
|
| qʰulɑq
|
qʰulɑq
|
qùlaq
|
'ear'
|
| s̯oɣïl
|
çoɣɯl
|
x̌oğıl
|
'to bake'
|
| ɕorɣɑwɑʂ
|
c͡çorɣɑwɑʂ
|
Čorğawaş
|
Chorgawash (a name)
|
Sample text
edit
The text is the first 7 lines of the text no. 14, 'Semsehlchin', Roos (2010 p. 259)
Pítır oríkel ışkı čazı par itı. Pırınti pır yiğıt par iti. Pu čazınıñ anásı yiğıtıñki yáş itı, kèlnıñki yáş itı. Eni pır čazı yiğıtıñki pusax̌iña, kèlnıñkima jıq itı. Antaqantaya pır kùnki étkintiya átısqıla mañqantu, tàğ artqa. Antaqanta átısqıla mañqantaya naqı pır čazı yiğıtıñki áhtı mıntırğı pòsın mantırğa qılışın mantırğa, naqı mañqantı. Pu pır čazı áttı mıntırmın ku qaylağa mañqantı.
X-sampa for Azerbaijani
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Consonants
edit
| X-SAMPA |
IPA |
Description
|
: |
ː |
long
|
" |
ˈ |
primary stress
|
ç <x̌>