Tityosteus is an extinct genus of homostiid arthrodire from the Early Emsian of the Early Devonian, with fossils known from Germany, the Ibero-Armorican Trough, and southern Siberia.[1] It attained a length of 2.5 meters.[2]
| Tityosteus Temporal range:
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| Artist's reconstruction of T. rieversi | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | †Placodermi |
| Order: | †Arthrodira |
| Suborder: | †Brachythoraci |
| Family: | †Homostiidae |
| Genus: | †Tityosteus Gross, 1960 |
| Species: | †T. rieversi
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| Binomial name | |
| †Tityosteus rieversi Gross, 1960
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Description
editTityosteus has only an 11 cm right marginal plate known, and margin ends and parts, in addition to the central plate overlap area being broken.[1] However, Denison, 1978 said that it had a nuchal, attaining a length of 25 cm. The book also estimates T. rieversi of reaching lengths of 2.5 m (8.2 feet). According to "Tityosteus, A MARINE FISH (ARTHRODIRA, HOMOSTIIDAE) FROM THE EMSIAN OF ARAGÓN, SPAIN, AND ITS DISTRIBUTION", given Tityosteus's distribution, and Carolowilhelma (a pelagic arthrodire), being from similar facies as Tityosteus (Eifelian of Aragón, Spain), it may have been pelagic, and able to cross open waters.[1]
Diet
editWhile the inferognathals of Tityosteus have not been found, they could be either "toothless", like Homosteus, which has been suggested to be planktivorous,[1][3] or possessing fine denticles, like Antineosteus.[1] It has been suggested that Tityosteus probably was similar to the whale shark, in size, and habitat.[1]
Phylogeny
editTityosteus is part of the clade Migmatocephala, with other homostiids.
This cladogram is based on "FISH FROM THE EMSIAN OF ARAGÓN".[1]
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References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g Mark-Kurik, E.; Carls, P. (2004). "Tityosteus, a marine fish (Arthrodira, Homostiidae) from the Emsian of Aragón, Spain, and its distribution" (PDF). Spanish Journal of Palaeontology. 19 (2). S2CID 218464633. Retrieved 2023-01-14.
- ^ Denison, Robert Howland (1978). Placodermi. München [Germany]. ISBN 978-0-89574-027-4.
- ^ Coatham, Samuel J.; Vinther, Jakob; Rayfield, Emily J.; Klug, Christian (2020-05-20). "Was the Devonian placoderm Titanichthys a suspension feeder?". Royal Society Open Science. 7 (5): 200272. Bibcode:2020RSOS....700272C. doi:10.1098/rsos.200272. PMC 7277245. PMID 32537223.