|
The four stages of awakening |
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|
stage's |
abandoned |
rebirth(s) |
|
|
1. identity view (Anattā) |
lower |
up to seven rebirths in |
|
|
once more as |
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|
4. sensual desire |
once more in |
||
|
6. material-rebirth desire |
higher |
no rebirth |
|
|
Source: Ñāṇamoli & Bodhi (2001), Middle-Length Discourses, pp. 41-43. |
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Template:StagesFettersRebirths tabularizes Buddhist notions found in the Pali canon regarding:
- the four stages of enlightenment
- the associated eradicated fetters that bind one to samsara;
- the associated number and types of rebirth.
Buddhist canonical sources for this information include the Ākaṅkheyya Sutta ("If One Wishes Discourse," MN 6) and the Alagaddūpama Sutta ("Snake-Simile Discourse," MN 22).
Usage edit
This template can be invoked as follows:
- {{StagesFettersRebirths}} — transcludes the template as shown here (without endnotes).
- {{StagesFettersRebirths|group=[group_name]}} — transcludes the template with endnote references (e.g., [group_name 1], [group_name 2] and [group_name 3]) and associated notes (see below).
Use of the "group" option edit
If the "group" option is used, then this table's associated notes will be placed in the transcluding article with {{reflist|group=[group_name]}}.
This table's first note's tag is associated with the table's subtitle, "according to the Sutta Piṭaka." The second note's tag is associated with table's header's phrase, "stage's fruit." The third note's tag is associated with the table's first column's "once-returner" phrase. This tables's end notes are:
- See, for instance, the "Snake-Simile Discourse" (MN 22), where the Buddha states:
"Monks, this Teaching so well proclaimed by me, is plain, open, explicit, free of patchwork. In this Teaching that is so well proclaimed by me and is plain, open, explicit and free of patchwork; for those who are arahants, free of taints, who have accomplished and completed their task, have laid down the burden, achieved their aim, severed the fetters binding to existence, who are liberated by full knowledge, there is no (future) round of existence that can be ascribed to them. – Majjhima Nikaya i.130 ¶ 42, Translated by Nyanaponika Thera (Nyanaponika, 2006)
- The "fruit" (Pali: phala) is the culmination of the "path" (magga). Thus, for example, the "stream-enterer" is the fruit for one on the "stream-entry" path; more specifically, the stream-enterer has abandoned the first three fetters, while one on the path of stream-entry strives to abandon these fetters.
- Both the stream-enterer and the once-returner abandon the first three fetters. What distinguishes these stages is that the once-returner additionally attenuates lust, hate and delusion, and will necessarily be reborn only once more.
These notes will be automatically generated in an article (that is, these notes are embedded in this diagram) when this table is transcluded if the <references /> or {{reflist}} tag is used.
Sources for transducing articles edit
It is recommended that the following reference(s) be copy-and-pasted into the transcluding article's sources/bibliography section. The source for this table is:
- Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu (trans.) and Bodhi, Bhikkhu (ed.) (2001). The Middle-Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya. Boston: Wisdom Publications. ISBN 0-86171-072-X.
In addition, if this table's notes are used, then the following source should be added to support the first note's block quote:
- Nyanaponika Thera (trans.) (1974). Alagaddupama Sutta: The Snake Simile (MN 22). Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society. Retrieved 15 Aug. 2010 from "Access to Insight" (2006) at http://www.accesstoinsight.org/tipitaka/mn/mn.022.nypo.html .
WP source edit
Beyond the above sources, the main Wikipedia article and set of related citations for this template's content is Fetter (Buddhism). Questions about the reliability or accuracy of this template's concepts should be addressed on that article's talk page. Questions about this template's organization should be addressed on this template's talk page.