Starksia atlantica, the smooth-eye blenny, is a species of labrisomid blenny native to the western central Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea where it inhabits coral reefs at depths of around 8 metres (26 ft).[2]
| Starksia atlantica | |
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| Juvenile | |
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| Adult male | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Order: | Blenniiformes |
| Family: | Labrisomidae |
| Genus: | Starksia |
| Species: | S. atlantica
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| Binomial name | |
| Starksia atlantica Longley, 1934
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Description edit
Adult Starksia atlantica can grow to 2.5 cm (0.98 in) in length.[2] It is an elongated shape with a continuous short dorsal fin running most of the length of the body. The colour is variable, being mostly mottled brown on a silvery background with larger dark spots above. The dorsal fin has 18–19 rays, the anal fin 7–8 rays, the pelvic fins have 15–16 and the pectorals 14 rays.[3]
Early-stage larvae of Starksia are more tadpole-shaped than other labrisomids and lack some of the melanophores (dark spots) typical of the family. Juvenile Starksia atlantica are long and narrow, with large eyes. The mouth is at the tip of the pointed snout. Both the dorsal and anal fins run continuously for most of the length of the body. The pectoral fins are long and the pelvic fins have 2 spines and are long and threadlike. The melanophores are few in number and occur at the base of the anal fin rays.[3]
Phylogeny edit
Starksia atlantica has five distinct lineages of varied geographic distribution. Barbados (BAR) and Panama (PAN) lineages are identified by COI sequencing divergence. Curaçao (CUR), Saba Bank (SAB), and Bahamas/Turks and Caicos/Belize (BAH/ TCI/BLZ) lineages lack an orbital cirrus.[4]
References edit
- ^ Williams, J.; Craig, M.T. (2014). "Starksia atlantica". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T194905A2366870. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T194905A2366870.en. Retrieved 20 November 2021.
- ^ a b Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Starksia atlantica" in FishBase. October 2013 version.
- ^ a b Labrisomidae: Starksia Larvae of coral reef fishes. Retrieved 2011-12-29.
- ^ Baldwin, Carole; Castillo, Cristina; Weigt, Lee; Victor, Benjamin (2011-03-02). "Seven new species within western Atlantic Starksia atlantica, S. lepicoelia, and S. sluiteri (Teleostei, Labrisomidae), with comments on congruence of DNA barcodes and species". ZooKeys (79): 21–72. doi:10.3897/zookeys.79.1045. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3088046. PMID 21594143.