Sphaenorhynchus is a genus of frogs in the family Hylidae.[1][2] They are also known as lime treefrogs[1] or hatchet-faced treefrogs.[3] They are found in the Amazon and Orinoco River basins of South America, the Guianas, Trinidad, and southern and eastern Brazil.[1] The majority of the species are associated with the Atlantic Forest domain in Brazil.[4]
| Sphaenorhynchus | |
|---|---|
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| Sphaenorhynchus lacteus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Amphibia |
| Order: | Anura |
| Family: | Hylidae |
| Tribe: | Dendropsophini |
| Genus: | Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi, 1838 |
| Species | |
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See text. | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Systematics edit
Sphaenorhynchus has been suggested to be the sister taxon of the clade Scarthyla + Scinax.[1] Faivovich and colleagues (2005) placed it in the tribe Dendropsophini, together with Dendropsophus, Lysapsus, Pseudis, Scarthyla, Scinax, and Xenohyla.[5]
Description edit
Sphaenorhynchus are small to moderately sized frogs. They are bright green or yellowish green in life. The snout is pointed and projecting in lateral view. Most species have well-developed horizontal dermal flaps on each side of the anus. The fingers are weakly webbed while the toes are extensively webbed. Males have a vocal sac on the posterior throat region.[6]
Species edit
The following species are recognised in the genus Sphaenorhynchus:[1][2]
- Sphaenorhynchus botocudo (Caramaschi, Almeida, and Gasparini, 2009)
- Sphaenorhynchus bromelicola (Bokermann, 1966)
- Sphaenorhynchus cammaeus (Roberto, Araujo-Vieira, Carvalho-e-Silva, and Ávila, 2017)
- Sphaenorhynchus canga (Araujo-Vieira, Lacerda, Pezzuti, Leite, Assis, and Cruz, 2015)
- Sphaenorhynchus caramaschii (Toledo, Garcia, Lingnau, and Haddad, 2007)
- Sphaenorhynchus carneus (Cope, 1868)
- Sphaenorhynchus dorisae (Goin, 1957)
- Sphaenorhynchus lacteus (Daudin, 1800)
- Sphaenorhynchus mirim (Caramaschi, Almeida, and Gasparini, 2009)
- Sphaenorhynchus palustris (Bokermann, 1966)
- Sphaenorhynchus pauloalvini (Bokermann, 1973)
- Sphaenorhynchus planicola (Lutz and Lutz, 1938)
- Sphaenorhynchus platycephalus (Werner, 1894)
- Sphaenorhynchus prasinus (Bokermann, 1973)
- Sphaenorhynchus surdus (Cochran, 1953)
References edit
- ^ a b c d e f Frost, Darrel R. (2017). "Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi, 1838". Amphibian Species of the World: an Online Reference. Version 6.0. American Museum of Natural History. Retrieved 11 June 2017.
- ^ a b "Hylidae". AmphibiaWeb. University of California, Berkeley. 2017. Retrieved 11 June 2017. (recently described Sphaenorhynchus cammaeus not yet included)
- ^ Araujo-Vieira, K.; Lacerda, J. V. A.; Pezzuti, T. L.; Leite, F. S. F.; de Assis, C. L.; Cruz, C. A. G. (21 December 2015). "A new species of Hatchet-faced Treefrog Sphaenorhynchus Tschudi (Anura: Hylidae) from Quadrilátero Ferrífero, Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil". Zootaxa. 4059 (1): 96–114. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4059.1.5. hdl:11336/85191. PMID 26701555.
- ^ Roberto, Igor Joventino; Araujo-Vieira, Katyuscia; de Carvalho-e-Silva, Sergio Potsch; Ávila, Robson Waldemar (June 2017). "A new species of Sphaenorhynchus (Anura: Hylidae) from northeastern Brazil". Herpetologica. 73 (2): 148–161. doi:10.1655/HERPETOLOGICA-D-16-00021. S2CID 91143723.
- ^ Faivovich, Julián; Haddad, Célio F.B.; Garcia, Paulo C.A.; Frost, Darrel R.; Campbell, Jonathan A.; Wheeler, Ward C. (2005). "Systematic review of the frog family Hylidae, with special reference to Hylinae: phylogenetic analysis and taxonomic revision". Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 294: 1–240. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.470.2967. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2005)294[0001:SROTFF]2.0.CO;2. hdl:2246/462. S2CID 83925199.
- ^ Goin, Coleman J. (1957). "Status of the frog genus Sphoenohyla with a synopsis of the species". Caldasia. 8 (36): 11–31.