Extracellular superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SOD3 gene.

SOD3
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesSOD3, EC-SOD, superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular, superoxide dismutase 3
External IDsOMIM: 185490; MGI: 103181; HomoloGene: 2334; GeneCards: SOD3; OMA:SOD3 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_003102

NM_011435

RefSeq (protein)

NP_003093

NP_035565

Location (UCSC)Chr 4: 24.79 – 24.8 MbChr 5: 52.52 – 52.53 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

This gene encodes a member of the superoxide dismutase (SOD) protein family. SODs are antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the dismutation of two superoxide radicals into hydrogen peroxide and oxygen. The product of this gene is thought to protect the brain, lungs, and other tissues from oxidative stress. The protein is secreted into the extracellular space and forms a glycosylated homotetramer that is anchored to the extracellular matrix (ECM) and cell surfaces through an interaction with heparan sulfate proteoglycan and collagen. A fraction of the protein is cleaved near the C-terminus before secretion to generate circulating tetramers that do not interact with the ECM.[5]

Among black garden ants (Lasius niger), the lifespan of queens is an order of magnitude greater than of workers despite no systematic nucleotide sequence difference between them.[6] The SOD3 gene was found to be the most differentially over-expressed gene in the brains of queen vs worker ants. This finding raises the possibility that SOD3 antioxidant activity plays a key role in the striking longevity of social insect queens.[6]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000109610Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000072941Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ "Entrez Gene: SOD3 superoxide dismutase 3, extracellular".
  6. ^ a b Lucas ER, Keller L. Elevated expression of ageing and immunity genes in queens of the black garden ant. Exp Gerontol. 2018 Jul 15;108:92-98. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.03.020. Epub 2018 Apr 3. PMID: 29625209

Further reading

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