The South Coast Air Quality Management District, also using the acronym South Coast (AQMD), formed in 1976, is the air pollution agency responsible for regulating stationary sources of air pollution in the South Coast Air Basin and the Coachella Valley portion of the Salton Sea Air Basin, in Southern California. The separate California Air Resources Board is responsible for regulating mobile sources (e.g. vehicles) in the air basin.
| Headquarters | Diamond Bar, CA United States |
|---|---|
Key people | Wayne Nastri, Executive Officer |
| Website | http://www.aqmd.gov/ |
Basin geography
editThe South Coast AQMD includes all of Orange County; and the non-desert regions of Los Angeles County, San Bernardino County, and Riverside County including the Coachella Valley.
The South Coast Air Basin area encompassed by the South Coast AQMD amounts to about 10,750 square miles (27,850 square kilometres) and is the second most populated area in the United States. This area has a severe problem with smog, and the South Coast AQMD has been a leader in the nation's efforts to reduce air pollution emissions. The main office is located in the city of Diamond Bar.
Operations
editSouth Coast AQMD develops, adopts and implements an Air Quality Management Plan for bringing the area into compliance with the clean air standards established by national and state governmental legislation.
Air quality and permissible air pollutant emission "rules" are promulgated to reduce emissions from various sources, including specific types of equipment, industrial processes, paints, solvents and certain consumer products. Permits are issued to the pertinent industries and businesses to enforce compliance with the air quality and emission rules, and South Coast AQMD staff conducts periodic inspections to ensure such compliance.
South Coast AQMD's rules apply to businesses ranging from large oil refineries and power plants to gasoline (petrol) fueling stations and dry cleaning plants. There are about 30,000 such businesses operating under South Coast AQMD permits. In general, the agency is limited to establishing rules for regulating stationary sources. Emission standards for mobile sources (automobiles, trucks, buses, railroads, airplanes and marine vessels) are established by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the California Air Resources Board.
Air quality monitoring network
editSouth Coast AQMD also operates an extensive network of air quality monitoring stations (about 40 stations) and issues daily air quality forecasts. The forecasts are made available to the public through newspapers, television, radio, its award-winning smartphone application, social media, its website, and a toll-free Smog Update telephone line.[1][2]
Air quality and air pollution dispersion modeling
editThe air quality modeling activities of the South Coast AQMD are one of the functions of the Planning, Rule Development and Area Sources section. That section is also responsible for oversight and commenting upon air pollution dispersion modeling[3] studies performed as part of any environmental impact studies that may be reviewed by or requested by South Coast AQMD. The models that may be utilized include:[4]
- California Line Source Dispersion Model (CALINE-4)
- AERMOD Model
- Hotspots Analysis and Reporting Program (HARP)
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)'s Air Quality Models
- California Air Resources Board (CARB)'s Air Quality Models
Indirect source rule
editThe SCAQMD has authority to regulate stationary sources of air pollution. These include warehouses which induce truck trips, and thus qualify as indirect sources of air pollution. In 2021, the SCAQMD board voted to authorize the Indirect Source Rule, which requires warehouses larger than 100,000 square feet to take steps to cut pollution, fund similar air pollution mitigation projects, or face penalties. The Inland Empire has experienced substantial development of warehouses which serve the e-commerce industry. [5]
The indirect source rule's main program is the Warehouse Actions and Investments to Reduce Emissions (WAIRE). Under WAIRE, affected warehouses must earn WAIRE points to provide incentives to reduce emissions from trucks which serve them. They can earn points by operating electric trucks or other zero-emissions vehicle, installing charging station or solar panels, or paying to install particulate filters at local schools. Warehouse operators that do not earn sufficient points must pay mitigation fees.[6]
On August 2, 2024, the air district board unanimously voted to authorize a new indirect source rule to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from railyards in the district. The rule would apply to 25 facilites and would require the facility or all facilities operated by the same operator in the state of California to reduce emissions a specified percentage over the projected baseline or demonstrate that through reduced throughput the facility had a reduced Aggregate Emission Factor.[7] The rule builds upon the CARB In-Use Locomotive rule and the Advanced Clean Fleet rule that have yet to be approved by the EPA and thus the rule cannot go into effect until those are approved. The rule is expected to prevent 300 premature deaths and 2100 hospitalizations annually.[8][9][10]
Governing board
editSouth Coast AQMD has a Governing Board of 13 members. Ten of the members are county supervisors and city council members. The remaining three are appointed by California state officials. Current members of the Governing Board include:[11]
- Vanessa Delgado (Chair), California State Senate Rules Committee appointee
- Michael A. Cacciotti (Vice Chair), Eastern Los Angeles County Cities
- Andrew Do, Orange County Supervisor
- Nithya Raman, Los Angeles City Council
- Gideon Kracov, Governor's appointee†
- Holly Mitchell, Los Angeles County Supervisor
- Larry McCallon, San Bernardino County cities
- Veronica Padilla-Campos, California State Assembly Speaker appointee
- V. Manuel Perez, Riverside County Board of Supervisor
- Jose Luis Solache, Western Los Angeles County cities
- Carlos Rodriguez, Orange County cities
- Curt Hagman, San Bernardino County Supervisor
- Patricia Lock Dawson, Riverside County cities
†South Coast AQMD member to the California Air Resources Board
The representative for Orange County cities is chosen by the 34 members of the Orange County City Selection Committee.[12] Appointment requires both a majority vote of the committee and a majority vote when weighted by population.[13] In November 2015, Republicans blocked reappointment of Santa Ana Mayor Miguel Pulido, a Democrat, to the board, voting to replace him with Republican Lake Forest Councilman Dwight Robinson.[13]
Administration
editThe chief Executive Officer of the South Coast AQMD reports to the Governing Board. The following departments report to the Executive Officer:
Administrative departments
edit- Legal
- Counsel
- Prosecutor
- Legislative, Public Affairs, and Media
- Finance
- Human Resources
- Information Management
Operational departments
edit- Engineering and Permitting
- Compliance and Enforcement
- Planning, Rule Development and Implementation
- Monitoring and Analysis
- Technology Advancement Office
Funding for South Coast AQMD
editSouth Coast AQMD utilizes a system of evaluation fees, annual operating fees, emission fees, Hearing Board fees, penalties/ settlements and investments that generate around 73% of its revenue. The remaining 27% of its revenue is from federal grants, California Air Resources (CARB) subvention funds, and California Clean Air Act Motor Vehicle fees.[14]
See also
edit- South Coast Air Basin
- California Air Resources Board
- California Department of Toxic Substances Control
- AP 42 Compilation of Air Pollutant Emission Factors
- Environmental remediation
- Hal Bernson — former board member.
- Clean Air Act (1990)
- Clean Air Act (1970)
- List of California air districts
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency dispersion models
- National Ambient Air Quality Standards—NAAQS
- National Emissions Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants—NESHAP
- PHEV Research Center
- Public Smog
- Ventura County Air Pollution Control District
References
edit- ^ SCAQMD Air Quality Monitoring and Forecast Map Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Monitoring, AQI, Standards & Notification, The South Coast Perspective Joe Cassmassi, Senior Meteorologist, SCAQMD, April 2004
- ^ Beychok, M.R. (2005). Fundamentals Of Stack Gas Dispersion (4th ed.). author-published. ISBN 0-9644588-0-2.
- ^ Air Quality Modeling
- ^ "As 'diesel death zones' spread, pollution regulators place new rules on warehouse industry". Los Angeles Times. 2021-05-08. Retrieved 2024-05-24.
- ^ "New "Warehouse Indirect Source Rule" Requires Action Now". JD Supra. Retrieved 2024-05-24.
- ^ "SCAQMD RULE 2306" (PDF). South Coast Air Quality Management District. 2024-08-02. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-10-08. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
- ^ Briscoe, Tony (2024-08-02). "Southern California regulators impose pollution limits on the region's rail yards". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 2024-10-07. Retrieved 2024-08-04.
- ^ "New Southern California rule would require dramatic reduction in rail yard pollution". Trains. 2024-08-03. Archived from the original on 2024-08-03. Retrieved 2024-10-08.
- ^ "South Coast AQMD Governing Board Adopts Rail Yards Indirect Source Rule" (PDF). South Coast Air Quality Management District. 2024-08-02. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-10-02. Retrieved 2024-10-07.
- ^ "Board Members". www.aqmd.gov. Retrieved 2019-01-15.
- ^ Sforza, Teri (December 22, 2014). "Cities violated open-meeting laws, county charges". Orange County Register. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
- ^ a b Gerda, Nick (November 6, 2015). "Republicans Succeed in Kicking Santa Ana Mayor Off Air Quality Board". Voice of OC. Retrieved September 11, 2016.
- ^ Barboza, Tony (June 7, 2019). "Southern California's most toxic polluters will pay more under air board's fee hike". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2019-06-08.