Redondo Peak (Tewa: Tsiku'mup'in) is a conspicuous summit in the Jemez Mountains of New Mexico, in the southwestern United States.[3] It is located entirely within the Valles Caldera National Preserve. It is the second highest summit in the Jemez after Chicoma Mountain. It is the most visually prominent peak in the range when viewed from the south, for example, from Albuquerque. From many other directions it is less prominent or not visible, due to its location in the center of the Valles Caldera, well away from the caldera's rim.
| Redondo Peak | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 11,258 ft (3,431 m) NAVD 88[1] |
| Prominence | 2,454 ft (748 m)[2] |
| Coordinates | 35°52′19″N 106°33′38″W / 35.871963428°N 106.560578458°W[1] |
| Geography | |
  Redondo Peak | |
| Location | Sandoval County, New Mexico, U.S. |
| Parent range | Jemez Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS Redondo Peak |
| Geology | |
| Mountain type | Resurgent dome |
| Climbing | |
| Easiest route | Hike |
Redondo Peak is an example of the volcanic feature known as a resurgent dome. It was formed shortly after the caldera-forming eruption of 1.25 million years ago, but it is not itself an eruptive feature. The summit of the mountain is composed of tuff ejected by the caldera-forming eruption, rather than of subsequent volcanic ejecta.[4] It is forested all the way to its summit.
Cultural significance
editRedondo Peak is sacred to various Pueblo peoples of New Mexico and, as a result, hiking and other recreational activities on the mountain are sharply restricted as of 2008. The summit area is occupied by a shrine that was studied and excavated by anthropologist William Boone Douglass in the early 20th century[5] and remained in use well into the 20th century. The shrine and its immediate surroundings are closed to visitors.
The Tewa name, Tsiku'mup'in, likely means 'obsidian covered mountain' i.e. 'mountain covered with pieces of obsidian' (tsi'i, obsidian; ku'mu, to be covered; p'in, mountain).[3]
Climate
edit| Climate data for Redondo Peak 35.8701 N, 106.5600 W, Elevation: 11,056 ft (3,370 m) (1991–2020 normals) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 33.6 (0.9) |
34.2 (1.2) |
39.7 (4.3) |
45.4 (7.4) |
54.1 (12.3) |
65.8 (18.8) |
67.9 (19.9) |
65.4 (18.6) |
60.2 (15.7) |
50.7 (10.4) |
40.8 (4.9) |
33.5 (0.8) |
49.3 (9.6) |
| Daily mean °F (°C) | 23.0 (−5.0) |
23.2 (−4.9) |
28.1 (−2.2) |
33.4 (0.8) |
42.1 (5.6) |
52.7 (11.5) |
55.8 (13.2) |
54.0 (12.2) |
48.8 (9.3) |
39.6 (4.2) |
30.3 (−0.9) |
23.3 (−4.8) |
37.9 (3.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 12.5 (−10.8) |
12.3 (−10.9) |
16.6 (−8.6) |
21.4 (−5.9) |
30.1 (−1.1) |
39.7 (4.3) |
43.6 (6.4) |
42.6 (5.9) |
37.4 (3.0) |
28.5 (−1.9) |
19.8 (−6.8) |
13.0 (−10.6) |
26.5 (−3.1) |
| Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.81 (71) |
2.67 (68) |
2.94 (75) |
2.10 (53) |
1.67 (42) |
0.93 (24) |
3.46 (88) |
3.74 (95) |
2.34 (59) |
2.03 (52) |
2.40 (61) |
2.70 (69) |
29.79 (757) |
| Source: PRISM Climate Group[6] | |||||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b "11252 Redondo". NGS Data Sheet. National Geodetic Survey, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, United States Department of Commerce. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ^ "Redondo Peak, New Mexico". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- ^ a b Harrington, J. P. (1920). "Old Indian Geographical Names around Santa Fe, New Mexico". American Anthropologist. 22 (4): 341–359. ISSN 0002-7294.
- ^ Goff, F.; Warren, R.G.; Goff, C.J.; Whiteis, J.; Kluk, E.; Counce, D. (2007). "Comments on the geology, petrography, and chemistry of rocks within the resurgent dome area, Valles Caldera, New Mexico" (PDF). New Mexico Geological Society Field Conference Series. 58: 354–366. Retrieved 4 February 2022.
- ^ Douglass, William Boone (1917), Notes on the Shrines of the Tewa and Other Pueblo Indians of New Mexico, pp 344–378, in Proceedings of the Nineteenth International Congress of Americanists, Frederick W. Hodge, ed., Washington, DC, 1917.
- ^ "PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University". PRISM Climate Group, Oregon State University. Retrieved September 30, 2023.
To find the table data on the PRISM website, start by clicking Coordinates (under Location); copy Latitude and Longitude figures from top of table; click Zoom to location; click Precipitation, Minimum temp, Mean temp, Maximum temp; click 30-year normals, 1991-2020; click 800m; click Retrieve Time Series button.
- "Valles Caldera". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- Heiken, Grant; et al. (1990). "The Valles/Toledo Caldera Complex, Jemez Volcanic Field, New Mexico". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. 18 (1): 27–53. Bibcode:1990AREPS..18...27H. doi:10.1146/annurev.ea.18.050190.000331.
External links
edit- "Valles Caldera National Preserve". Archived from the original on 2008-12-17. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
- "Redondo Peak". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey, United States Department of the Interior. Retrieved 2008-12-21.
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