Pycnocentrodes is a genus of caddisflies belonging to the family Conoesucidae.[1] The genus was first recognised by Robert John Tillyard in 1924.[2] All known species of Pycnocentrodes are endemic to New Zealand.
| Pycnocentrodes | |
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| Pycnocentrodes aureolus | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Trichoptera |
| Family: | Conoesucidae |
| Genus: | Pycnocentrodes Tillyard, 1924 |
| Species[1] | |
Taxonomy
editThe genus was first identified by Robert John Tillyard in 1924, who identified Pycnocentrodes chiltoni as the type species.[2] In 1962, K. A. J. Wise recombined two of the original species identified by Tillyard, P. hamiltoni and P. olingoides, into a new genus called Confluens.[3]
Reviewing the genus in 1970, Wise noted that it was likely that there was either a highly morphologically variable species or a species complex within Pycnocentrodes, due to wide-ranging variations in size, wing colour and pattern and genitalia.[4] In 1976, Donald R. Cowley synonymised P. chiltoni (the former type species of the genus) and P. unicolor Wise, 1958 with P. aureolus.[5]
Genetic analysis places Pycnocentrodes within a clade of New Zealand endemic caddiesflies who all share a common ancestor: Pycnocentrodes, Periwinkla, Confluens and Beraeoptera.[6]
Description
editTillyard's original text (the type description) reads as follows:
Allied to Pycnocentria McL, from which it differs by the absence of the web fold in forewings of male, and the consequent normal structure of the radial sector in both sexes. The radial cell is present, and is of a somewhat narrowed, elongate form, basal portion being particularly narrowed. In some cases the stem of R2+3 may be weakened or obsolescent, so that the radial cell is incomplete above (as in P. olingoides n. sp.), but venation is always very distinct from that of Pycnocentria, where all the branches of Rs, M, and Cu1, come off direct from longitudinal fold. Stem of R2+3 in hindwing of male also weakened or obsolete, leaving radial cell open above. Apical forks of forewing all present, as in Pycnocentria; in hindwing, only 1, 2 and 5 present, as also in Pycnocentria. No longitudinal fold in hindwing of male. Tibial spurs 2, 2, 4. Maxillary palpi of male short and hairy, not projecting beyond end of first antennal segment.[2]
Distribution
editThe genus is found in New Zealand.[1]
Species
edit- Pycnocentrodes aeris Wise, 1958
- Pycnocentrodes aureolus (McLachlan, 1868)
- Pycnocentrodes modestus Cowley, 1976
References
edit- ^ a b c "Pycnocentrodes". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 12 August 2024.
- ^ a b c Tillyard, R.J. (1924). "Studies of New Zealand Trichoptera or caddis-flies: No. 2, Descriptions of new genera and species". Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute. 55: 285–314. ISSN 1176-6158. Wikidata Q128891827.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Wise, K. A. J. (1962). "A New Genus and Three New Species of Trichoptera". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 5: 247–250. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906103. OCLC 9986633868. Wikidata Q58676784.
- ^ Wise, K. A. J. (1970). "Trichoptera of New Zealand: II. The present status of R. J. Tillyard's species of New Zealand Trichoptera, with notes on the type specimens". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 7: 201–215. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906155. OCLC 9986835689. Wikidata Q58676876.
- ^ Cowley, D. R. (March 1976). "Additions and amendments to the New Zealand Trichoptera". New Zealand Journal of Zoology. 3 (1): 21–26. doi:10.1080/03014223.1976.9517895. ISSN 0301-4223. Wikidata Q104025356.
- ^ Johanson, Kjell Arne; Kjer, Karl; Malm, Tobias (November 2009). "Testing the monophyly of the New Zealand and Australian endemic family Conoesucidae Ross based on combined molecular and morphological data (Insecta: Trichoptera: Sericostomatoidea)". Zoologica Scripta. 38 (6): 563–573. doi:10.1111/J.1463-6409.2009.00391.X. ISSN 0300-3256. Wikidata Q54551403.
