Pan and Syrinx (in Danish: Pan og Syrinx), Op. 49 (FS 87; CNW 38), is a symphonic poem for orchestra written in 1918 by the Danish composer Carl Nielsen. The piece received its premiere in Copenhagen on 11 February 1918.

Background

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As late as 23 January 1918, in a letter to Swedish composer Wilhelm Stenhammar, Nielsen explained that although he had included Pan and Syrinx in his concert on 11 February, he had not yet written a single note. It appears, however, that he had been thinking about the piece for some time, ever since he and his wife Anne Marie had discussed Ovid's Metamorphoses the previous year, inspiring him to compose the music. He did however manage to complete the score by 6 February.[1]

In addition to Pan and Syrinx, the concert which was devoted to works by Nielsen over almost 20 years, included the prelude to Act Two of Saul and David, Sleep and the Fourth Symphony, all conducted by Nielsen himself, as well as Chaconne for Piano played by Christian Christiansen.[1]

Reception

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Pan and Syrinx was particularly well received. Writing in Politken, Charles Kjerulf first alluded to its "Gallic, quite Debussyesque" quality before praising its feeling of renewal, development and mastery. He ended even more gushingly: "For each note that was added it became more and more sublime. And when in the end the very highest and very lowest notes of the orchestra were sounded right up against each other in the violin harmonics and double-basses... then the rejoicing broke out quite spontaneously." The other reviews were also positive.[1]

The work was frequently played in Scandinavia during Nielsen's lifetime. When the composer planned a concert programme, he often chose to perform Saga Dream and Pan and Syrinx on the same occasion.[1]

Instrumentation

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Pan and Syrinx is scored for the following instruments, organized by family (woodwinds, brass, percussion, and strings):

Music

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The nine-minute symphonic poem is based on the ancient legend which tells how the amorous god Pan invented the pan flute when following the nymph Syrinx. Syrinx ran to the river's edge and asked for assistance from the river nymphs. In answer, she was transformed into hollow water reeds that made a haunting sound when the god's frustrated breath blew across them. Pan cut the reeds to fashion the first set of pan pipes, which were thenceforth known as syrinx.[2]

As the piece features Syrinx it obviously has major parts for woodwind solos. The music was written at the height of Nielsen's powers as a composer, shortly after he finished the Fourth Symphony. It is a vigorous, pretty, and poetic work.[3]

Discography

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No. Conductor Ensemble Rec.[a] Time Recording venue Label Ref.
1 Thomas Jensen (1) Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra (1) 1956 7:19 Danish Radio Concert Hall Danacord
2 Thomas Jensen (2) Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra (2) 1959 7:16 Danish Radio Concert Hall Danacord
3 Eugene Ormandy Philadelphia Orchestra 1967 8:14 Town Hall, Philadelphia Sony Classical
4 Herbert Blomstedt Danish Radio Symphony Orchestra (3) 1975 8:36 Danish Radio Concert Hall EMI Classics
5 Sir Alexander Gibson Scottish National Orchestra 1979 8:43 Glasgow City Hall Chandos
6 Sir Simon Rattle City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra 1984 8:26 Warwick Arts Centre EMI Classics
7 Tamás Vetö Odense Symphony Orchestra (1) 1988 8:36 Odense Concert Hall [da] Regis
8 Esa-Pekka Salonen Swedish Radio Symphony Orchestra 1989 8:30 Berwald Hall CBS Masterworks
9 Gennady Rozhdestvensky Danish National Symphony Orchestra (4) 1993 8:33 Danish Radio Concert Hall Chandos [12]
10 Jan Caeyers [de] Beethoven Academie [nl] 1994 8:08 deSingel Harmonia Mundi
11 Edward Serov [ru] Odense Symphony Orchestra (2) [[]] Kontrapunkt
12 Neeme Järvi Gothenburg Symphony Orchestra 1996 8:59 Gothenburg Concert Hall Deutsche Grammophon
13 Niklas Willén South Jutland Symphony Orchestra [da] 2002 9:10 Musikhuset, Sønderborg Naxos
14 Lance Friedel Aarhus Symphony Orchestra 2004 8:46 Frichsparker, Aarhus MSR Classics
15 Douglas Bostock Czech Chamber Philharmonic [fr] 2005 7:28 Philharmonie, Pardubice Classico
16 Osmo Vänskä Lahti Symphony Orchestra 2006 7:49 Sibelius Hall BIS
17 Thomas Dausgaard Danish National Symphony Orchestra (5) 2006 8:43 Danish Radio Concert Hall Dacapo
18 Edward Gardner Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra 2023 8:29 Grieg Hall Chandos [21]

Notes

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  1. ^ Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.

References

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