Gamma-enolase, also known as enolase 2 (ENO2) or neuron specific enolase (NSE), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ENO2 gene.[5][6] Gamma-enolase is a phosphopyruvate hydratase.

ENO2
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesENO2, HEL-S-279, NSE, Enolase 2
External IDsOMIM: 131360; MGI: 95394; HomoloGene: 74414; GeneCards: ENO2; OMA:ENO2 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001975

NM_013509
NM_001302642
NM_001355220

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001966
NP_001966.1

NP_001289571
NP_038537
NP_001342149

Location (UCSC)Chr 12: 6.91 – 6.92 MbChr 6: 124.74 – 124.75 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Gamma-enolase is one of the three enolase isoenzymes found in mammals. This isoenzyme, a homodimer, is found in mature neurons and cells of neuronal origin. A switch from alpha enolase to gamma enolase occurs in neural tissue during development in rats and primates.[5]

Interactive pathway map

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Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.[§ 1]

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Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis edit
  1. ^ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "GlycolysisGluconeogenesis_WP534".

Utility

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Neuron-specific enolase (NSE) immunostaining of a cerebellar hemangioblastoma.

Detection of NSE with antibodies can be used to identify neuronal cells and cells with neuroendocrine differentiation. NSE is produced by small-cell carcinomas, which are neuroendocrine in origin. NSE is therefore a useful tumor marker for distinguishing small-cell carcinomas from other tumors.[7]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000111674Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000004267Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ a b "ENO2 enolase 2 (gamma, neuronal)". NCBI Entrez Gene database.
  6. ^ Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM): Enolase 2 - 131360
  7. ^ Clegg N, Ferguson C, True LD, Arnold H, Moorman A, Quinn JE, Vessella RL, Nelson PS (April 2003). "Molecular characterization of prostatic small-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma". Prostate. 55 (1): 55–64. doi:10.1002/pros.10217. PMID 12640661. S2CID 8778642.

Further reading

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  • Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P09104 (Human Gamma-enolase) at the PDBe-KB.