Mon Keang School (Chinese: 文彊學校) is a Chinese school located inside the Wongs' Benevolent Association Building at 123A East Pender Street, in the Chinatown of Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Classes have historically been taught in Cantonese, the prestige variety of Yue Chinese.
| Mon Keang School 文彊學校 | |
|---|---|
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| Address | |
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123A East Pender Street , , V6A 1T6 Canada | |
| Coordinates | 49°16′50.16″N 123°6′5.04″W / 49.2806000°N 123.1014000°W |
| Information | |
| School type | Chinese school |
| Founded | 1925 |
| Language | Cantonese |
| Mon Keang School | |||||||||||||||||
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| Traditional Chinese | 文彊學校 | ||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 文强学校 | ||||||||||||||||
| Jyutping | Man4 Koeng4 Hok6haau6 | ||||||||||||||||
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History
edit
Mon Keang School was established on the third floor of the Wongs' Benevolent Association Building in 1925.[1] Its objective was to teach Chinese cultural customs and the Cantonese language to Canadian-born children of Chinese descent.
By 1937, Mon Keang was one of ten Chinese schools in Vancouver, with classes at these schools funded primarily by Chinese clan associations, the Chinese Freemasons, and churches.[2] Like other Chinese schools of the time, Mon Keang only offered elementary-level language classes until after World War II, when it became the first Chinese school to provide language classes at the secondary level.[2] Instructors at Mon Keang were mainly Chinese immigrants who exempt from the Chinese Immigration Act, 1923 (now commonly known as the Chinese Exclusion Act) in effect at the time.[2]
Wong Koon Fow, a teacher and principal of Mon Keang from 1936 to 1969, noted that the school officially used Cantonese to teach its students, but many of its instructors also used a mixture of both Cantonese and Taishanese.[2]
In 2011, the school stopped offering classes "due to declining enrolment and changing demographics that favour learning Mandarin over Cantonese“.[3]
In 2016, the Youth Collaborative for Chinatown (青心在唐人街), a grassroots youth group based in Vancouver's Chinatown, began organizing Saturday School, a series of place-based, Cantonese-language classes through classes inside the former Mon Keang classrooms and field studies and trips to various other locations in Chinatown.[4]
In 2024, the school was one of 12 nationally recognized sites nominated for "The Next Great Save" contest by the National Trust For Canada.[5]
Building history
editThe school is housed in the Wongs' Benevolent Association Building, located on 123A East Pender Street, on its third floor. The building was originally constructed in 1910, but it underwent several renovations over the years, including some designed by Chinese-Canadian architect W.H. Chow, G. A. Southall, and later by J.A. Radford in 1921.[1][6]
Mon Keang School was designated a "national historic site" in 2023, under Parks Canada's National Program of Historical Commemoration.[7] Steven Guilbeault, the minister responsible for Parks Canada, made a press release on the designation on May 31, 2024.[8]
References
edit- ^ a b "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ a b c d Yee, Paul (1988). Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver. Vancouver, British Columbia: Douglas & McIntyre. pp. 79–80. ISBN 0-88894-616-3.
- ^ "Saturday School". Youth Collaborative for Chinatown - 青心在唐人街. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- ^ "New spin on Chinese school focuses on Chinatown's Cantonese conversations | Metro Vancouver". metronews.ca. Retrieved April 5, 2018.
- ^ Cheung, Christopher (May 3, 2024). "A Century In, the Wongs' Chinatown Benevolent Society Lives On". The Tyee. Retrieved May 8, 2024.
- ^ "Mon Keang School | Changing Vancouver". changingvancouver.wordpress.com. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
- ^ "Mon Keang School National Historic Site". National Historic Site. Parks Canada. June 5, 2024.
- ^ "Government of Canada recognizes the national historic significance of Mon Keang School". Government of Canada. Parks Canada. May 31, 2024. Retrieved June 5, 2024.
External links
edit- Mon Keang School 文彊學校 Collection, a digital collection of images and texts