Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7

Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRM7 gene.[5][6][7]

GRM7
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesGRM7, GLUR7, GPRC1G, MGLU7, MGLUR7, PPP1R87, glutamate metabotropic receptor 7, NEDSHBA
External IDsOMIM: 604101; MGI: 1351344; HomoloGene: 20233; GeneCards: GRM7; OMA:GRM7 - orthologs
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000844
NM_181874
NM_181875

NM_177328
NM_001346640
NM_177970

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000835
NP_870989

NP_001333569
NP_796302

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 6.77 – 7.74 MbChr 6: 110.62 – 111.54 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function

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L-glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system and activates both ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors. Glutamatergic neurotransmission is involved in most aspects of normal brain function and can be perturbed in many neuropathologic conditions. The metabotropic glutamate receptors are a family of G protein-coupled receptors, that have been divided into 3 groups on the basis of sequence homology, putative signal transduction mechanisms, and pharmacologic properties. Group I includes GRM1 and GRM5 and these receptors have been shown to activate phospholipase C. Group II includes GRM2 and GRM3 while Group III includes GRM4, GRM6, GRM7 and GRM8. Group II and III receptors are linked to the inhibition of the cyclic AMP cascade but differ in their agonist selectivities. Alternative splice variants of GRM8 have been described but their full-length nature has not been determined.[7]

Glutamate has lower affinity for mGluR7 than the other metabotropic glutamate receptors and it has been suggested that mGluR7 may have a regulatory role to dampen the effects of excessive glutamate levels.[8]

Ligands

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Agonists

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  • LSP2-9166: mixed agonist at mGluR4 and mGluR7

Antagonists

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Negative allosteric modulators

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Interactions

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Metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 has been shown to interact with PICK1.[14]

Clinical

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Mutations in both copies have been associated with developmental and epileptic encephalopathy, microcephaly, hypomyelination and cerebral atrophy.[15]

References

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  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000196277Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000056755Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Okamoto N, Hori S, Akazawa C, Hayashi Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Nakanishi S (January 1994). "Molecular characterization of a new metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR7 coupled to inhibitory cyclic AMP signal transduction". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 269 (2): 1231–1236. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(17)42247-2. hdl:2433/182290. PMID 8288585.
  6. ^ Makoff A, Pilling C, Harrington K, Emson P (August 1996). "Human metabotropic glutamate receptor type 7: molecular cloning and mRNA distribution in the CNS". Brain Research. Molecular Brain Research. 40 (1): 165–170. doi:10.1016/0169-328X(96)00110-6. PMID 8840028.
  7. ^ a b "Entrez Gene: GRM7 glutamate receptor, metabotropic 7".
  8. ^ Fisher NM, Seto M, Lindsley CW, Niswender CM (2018). "Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 7: A New Therapeutic Target in Neurodevelopmental Disorders". Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience. 11: 387. doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00387. PMC 6206046. PMID 30405350.
  9. ^ Li X, Gardner EL, Xi ZX (March 2008). "The metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 (mGluR7) allosteric agonist AMN082 modulates nucleus accumbens GABA and glutamate, but not dopamine, in rats". Neuropharmacology. 54 (3): 542–551. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2007.11.005. PMC 2410088. PMID 18155073.
  10. ^ a b Palucha A, Klak K, Branski P, van der Putten H, Flor PJ, Pilc A (November 2007). "Activation of the mGlu7 receptor elicits antidepressant-like effects in mice". Psychopharmacology. 194 (4): 555–562. doi:10.1007/s00213-007-0856-2. PMID 17622518. S2CID 22011436.
  11. ^ Pelkey KA, Yuan X, Lavezzari G, Roche KW, McBain CJ (January 2007). "mGluR7 undergoes rapid internalization in response to activation by the allosteric agonist AMN082". Neuropharmacology. 52 (1): 108–117. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2006.07.020. PMID 16914173. S2CID 23372757.
  12. ^ Suzuki G, Tsukamoto N, Fushiki H, Kawagishi A, Nakamura M, Kurihara H, et al. (October 2007). "In vitro pharmacological characterization of novel isoxazolopyridone derivatives as allosteric metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 antagonists". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 323 (1): 147–156. doi:10.1124/jpet.107.124701. PMID 17609420. S2CID 10402176.
  13. ^ Kalinichev M, Rouillier M, Girard F, Royer-Urios I, Bournique B, Finn T, et al. (March 2013). "ADX71743, a potent and selective negative allosteric modulator of metabotropic glutamate receptor 7: in vitro and in vivo characterization". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 344 (3): 624–636. doi:10.1124/jpet.112.200915. PMID 23257312. S2CID 5774001.
  14. ^ Dev KK, Nakajima Y, Kitano J, Braithwaite SP, Henley JM, Nakanishi S (October 2000). "PICK1 interacts with and regulates PKC phosphorylation of mGLUR7". The Journal of Neuroscience. 20 (19): 7252–7257. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.20-19-07252.2000. PMC 6772771. PMID 11007882.
  15. ^ Marafi D, Mitani T, Isikay S, Hertecant J, Almannai M, Manickam K, et al. (May 2020). "Biallelic GRM7 variants cause epilepsy, microcephaly, and cerebral atrophy". Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology. 7 (5): 610–627. doi:10.1002/acn3.51003. PMC 7261753. PMID 32286009.

Further reading

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This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.