Melanophidium is a genus of nonvenomous shield-tail snakes endemic to the Western Ghats of India. These species are identifiable by having a mental groove in their chin shields. Currently, four species are recognized, including one newly described species.[2]
| Melanophidium | |
|---|---|
| |
| iridescent shieldtail, M. bilineatum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Order: | Squamata |
| Suborder: | Serpentes |
| Family: | Uropeltidae |
| Genus: | Melanophidium Günther, 1864[1] |
- Common name: Black shield-tail snakes
Natural history
editTheir very smooth and glossy skin is said to be highly iridescent and is functional in warding off debris during burrowing. They are typically fossorial and nocturnal, becoming active during rainy nights.[3]
Geographic range
editFound in India in the Western Ghats: from Tirunelveli Hills in Tamil Nadu, at the southern tip of the country, northwards up to the Amboli Hills in Maharashtra.[4]
Species
edit| Species[2] | Taxon author[2] | Common name | Geographic range[1][4] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Melanophidium bilineatum | Beddome, 1870 | Two-lined black shield-tail snake | Wayanad hills in the Western Ghats: in Peria and Tirhoot Peaks west of Manantoddy |
| Melanophidium punctatum | Beddome, 1871 | Spotted black shield-tail snake | Southern Western Ghats: in Travancore (900–1500 m elevation) and the Anamalai Hills south of the Palghat Gap. |
| Melanophidium wynaudenseT | (Beddome, 1863) | Wayanad black shield-tail snake | Central Western Ghats: from Wayanad to the Manantoddy District, Coorg up to the Agumbe Ghats, at 900–1500 m elevation |
| Melanophidium khairei | Gower, Giri, Captain & Wilkinson, 2016 | Khaire's black shield-tail snake | Western India in the Northern Western Ghats of Goa and Maharashtra States |
References
edit- ^ a b c McDiarmid RW, Campbell JA, Touré T. 1999. Snake Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, vol. 1. Herpetologists' League. 511 pp. ISBN 1-893777-00-6 (series). ISBN 1-893777-01-4 (volume).
- ^ a b c "Melanophidium". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 1 September 2007.
- ^ Rajendran M. V. ( 1985) Studies in Uropeltid Snakes. Madurai university Press, Madurai.
- ^ a b GOWER, DAVID J.; VARAD GIRI, ASHOK CAPTAIN, MARK WILKINSON 2016. A reassessment of Melanophidium Günther, 1864 (Squamata: Serpentes: Uropeltidae) from the Western Ghats of peninsular India, with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 4085 (4): 481–503.
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Melanophidium.
- Melanophidium at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 1 September 2007.