Margub Iskhakov

Margub Timergalievich Iskhakov (Chinese: 馬爾果夫·伊斯哈科夫, Russian: Маргуб Тимергалиевич Исхаков) (13 March 1923 – 1992) was a Chinese Tatar military officer who held several important commands in the armies of the Second East Turkestan Republic and the People's Republic of China. He defected to the Soviet Union in the 1962 Yi–Ta incident, amid the Sino-Soviet split. He died in Alma-Ata (Almaty), Kazakhstan, in 1992.

Margub Iskhakov 馬爾果夫·伊斯哈科夫 Маргуб Тимергалиевич Исхаков
Born	13 March 1923 Ghulja, Republic of China
Died	1992 Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan
Allegiance	People's Republic of China (1949–1961) East Turkestan Republic (1944–1946)
Service/branch	People's Liberation Army (1949–1961) East Turkestan National Army (1945–1949)
Rank	Major General of the PLA
Commands held	PLA Fifth Army (1949–1954) Ili Military Region (1954–1960) Xinjiang Military Region (1960–1961)
Battles/wars	Ili Rebellion (1944–1946)
Relations	Asgat Iskhakov (brother)
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	馬爾果甫·伊斯卡果夫
Simplified Chinese	马尔果夫·伊斯哈科夫
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Mǎ'ěrguǒfǔ Yīsīkǎguǒfū
Russian name
Russian	Маргуб Тимергалиевич Исхаков
Tatar name
Tatar	Мәргуб Тимергали улы Исхаков Märgub Timergali ulı İsxaqov

Biography

Iskhakov (center) standing next to Saifuddin Azizi, 1955

Iskhakov was born to an ethnic Muslim Tatar family in the Chinese city of Ghulja in 1923. A communist, Iskhakov was imprisoned for two years under the regime of Sheng Shicai, after which he joined the Ili Rebellion as a political commissar. In 1945, he was appointed Chief of Staff of the Ili National Army of the Second East Turkestan Republic. Following the Incorporation of Xinjiang into the People's Republic of China in 1949, Iskhakov joined the Chinese Communist Party and accepted a commission in the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was eventually appointed Chief of Staff of the Xinjiang Military Region and in 1955 became the youngest general in the PLA.

In 1956, the Sino-Soviet Split began, and during this period of political dispute many Tatars and ethnic Muslims in Xinjiang, including Iskhakov, sided with the Soviet Union and were granted Soviet citizenship. However, Iskhakov's relocation to the Soviet Union was handled legally and with few political consequences, resulting in his peaceful immigration to the Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic in 1962.