MRPS16

28S ribosomal protein S16, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MRPS16 gene.

MRPS16
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 3J9M
Identifiers
Aliases	MRPS16, COXPD2, MRP-S16, RPMS16, CGI-132, mitochondrial ribosomal protein S16
External IDs	OMIM: 609204; MGI: 1913492; HomoloGene: 9370; GeneCards: MRPS16; OMA:MRPS16 - orthologs
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 10 (human) Band 10q22.2 Start 73,248,843 bp End 73,252,693 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 14 (mouse) Band 14|14 A3 Start 20,439,372 bp End 20,443,702 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in mucosa of transverse colon right adrenal gland gastrocnemius muscle right adrenal cortex left adrenal gland left adrenal cortex muscle of thigh left ventricle rectum right auricle Top expressed in digastric muscle temporal muscle sternocleidomastoid muscle extraocular muscle cardiac muscles myocardium of ventricle triceps brachii muscle calvaria brown adipose tissue intercostal muscle More reference expression data BioGPS n/a
Gene ontology Molecular function structural constituent of ribosome protein binding Cellular component mitochondrial inner membrane ribosome intracellular anatomical structure mitochondrion mitochondrial small ribosomal subunit cytosol Biological process mitochondrial translational elongation mitochondrial translational termination protein biosynthesis mitochondrial translation Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 51021 66242 Ensembl ENSG00000182180 ENSMUSG00000049960 UniProt Q9Y3D3 Q9CPX7 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_016065 NM_025440 RefSeq (protein) NP_057149 NP_079716 Location (UCSC) Chr 10: 73.25 – 73.25 Mb Chr 14: 20.44 – 20.44 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 28S subunit protein that belongs to the ribosomal protein S16P family. The encoded protein is one of the most highly conserved ribosomal proteins between mammalian and yeast mitochondria. Three pseudogenes (located at 8q21.3, 20q13.32, 22q12-q13.1) for this gene have been described.

Further reading

• Cavdar Koc E, Burkhart W, Blackburn K, et al. (2001). "The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (22): 19363–74. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.501.8919. doi:10.1074/jbc.M100727200. PMID 11279123.
• Suzuki T, Terasaki M, Takemoto-Hori C, et al. (2001). "Proteomic analysis of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome. Identification of protein components in the 28 S small subunit". J. Biol. Chem. 276 (35): 33181–95. doi:10.1074/jbc.M103236200. PMID 11402041.
• Kenmochi N, Suzuki T, Uechi T, et al. (2001). "The human mitochondrial ribosomal protein genes: mapping of 54 genes to the chromosomes and implications for human disorders". Genomics. 77 (1–2): 65–70. doi:10.1006/geno.2001.6622. PMID 11543634.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Zhang Z, Gerstein M (2003). "Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome". Genomics. 81 (5): 468–80. doi:10.1016/S0888-7543(03)00004-1. PMID 12706105.
• Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Miller C, Saada A, Shaul N, et al. (2005). "Defective mitochondrial translation caused by a ribosomal protein (MRPS16) mutation". Ann. Neurol. 56 (5): 734–8. doi:10.1002/ana.20282. PMID 15505824. S2CID 8781100.